지원사업
학술연구/단체지원/교육 등 연구자 활동을 지속하도록 DBpia가 지원하고 있어요.
커뮤니티
연구자들이 자신의 연구와 전문성을 널리 알리고, 새로운 협력의 기회를 만들 수 있는 네트워킹 공간이에요.
초록· 키워드
오류제보하기
Land reclamation was active in the later Koryo Dynasty. The government didn't set any limits to it and in fact strongly encouraged it. The Dunjeon(屯田) type of land reclamation was popular, and so was the Sapaejeon(賜牌田) for the land with no claimed owners. A variety of classes participated in land reclamation, which was widely expanded to islands, coastal areas, lew swampy lands, and mountain valleys. The curve was rather down when the Mongolians or the Japanese invaded but remained at the overall high level during the late Goryeo. Cultivated farmlands either led to the expansion of the existing village or to a newly formed village in case the cultivation took place far from any existing villages. In short, the active farmland cultivation gave birth to many new villages.
The people who led the project to iorm a new village were as diverse as the people who cultivated farmlands. The members were very different from village to village. Dunjeon resulted in a new village whose major members were
Dunjeon soldiers and their families, while a Sapaejeon village was comprised of the common people and managers who were immensely influenced by the owners. The so-called a manor(Nongjang) was similar. Sometimes the literati
class or government officials moved down to the country and formed a village where the family members and their servants constituted the residents. When a
Buddhist temple initiated a farmland cultivation project, the resulting new village consisted of the servants belonging to the temple and was under the
absolute control of the temple. During the time, there were a rising number of drifting people, who later formed their own villages. The resident composition of these new villages should have differences from that of existing villages. And
there were many cases where tension was created between the new villages and the government because of tax.
It was usually the case that a new village of those kinds was formed where access was hard or it's far from the Eup( e), thus expanding the scope of settlement. As the times defined agriculture as the major industry, it was the geographic conditions that were critical. In particular, the three major elements of a new village should be met, which were farmland, forest land and drinking water. As for those new villages formed as the result of land reclamation, farmland was not an issue. They usually had forest lands in the background and had springs or wells for potable water. Those villages formed by retired officials
or the literati class often had villas, pavilions, and ponds with pine trees, bamboo trees and the Japanese apricot trees around them. A Dunjeon village had a fortress nearby. It usually took a long time to arrange and mature new farmlands, which made the agricultural conditions of those newly formed villages rather harsh.
A great number of new villages were formed far from the existing ones, which implies a huge change in spacial layout of villages. This change seems to have contributed to the large-scale reorganization of political divisions and villages at
the beginning of the Choseon Dynasty.
The people who led the project to iorm a new village were as diverse as the people who cultivated farmlands. The members were very different from village to village. Dunjeon resulted in a new village whose major members were
Dunjeon soldiers and their families, while a Sapaejeon village was comprised of the common people and managers who were immensely influenced by the owners. The so-called a manor(Nongjang) was similar. Sometimes the literati
class or government officials moved down to the country and formed a village where the family members and their servants constituted the residents. When a
Buddhist temple initiated a farmland cultivation project, the resulting new village consisted of the servants belonging to the temple and was under the
absolute control of the temple. During the time, there were a rising number of drifting people, who later formed their own villages. The resident composition of these new villages should have differences from that of existing villages. And
there were many cases where tension was created between the new villages and the government because of tax.
It was usually the case that a new village of those kinds was formed where access was hard or it's far from the Eup( e), thus expanding the scope of settlement. As the times defined agriculture as the major industry, it was the geographic conditions that were critical. In particular, the three major elements of a new village should be met, which were farmland, forest land and drinking water. As for those new villages formed as the result of land reclamation, farmland was not an issue. They usually had forest lands in the background and had springs or wells for potable water. Those villages formed by retired officials
or the literati class often had villas, pavilions, and ponds with pine trees, bamboo trees and the Japanese apricot trees around them. A Dunjeon village had a fortress nearby. It usually took a long time to arrange and mature new farmlands, which made the agricultural conditions of those newly formed villages rather harsh.
A great number of new villages were formed far from the existing ones, which implies a huge change in spacial layout of villages. This change seems to have contributed to the large-scale reorganization of political divisions and villages at
the beginning of the Choseon Dynasty.
목차
Ⅰ. 序言
Ⅱ. 農地改墾과 新生村의 形成
Ⅲ. 新生村의 住民 構成
Ⅳ. 新生村의 地理的 位置와 景觀
Ⅴ. 結語
지도
Abstract
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