토마토의 엽권에서 분리한 Fusarium graminearum이 분비하는 물질은 벼 도열병균(Pyricularia oryzae) 외 여러 종의 식물병원 진균에 대한 항균활성을 나타내었으며, 이러한 활성물질을 PDA에서 본 균을 배양한 후 chloroform으로 추출하여 분리정제 하였다. HPLC에 의하여 5종류의 활성물질을 분획하였으며, 그중 1번(F402) 화합물을 벼 도열병균(P. oryzae)을 포함한 22개 식물 병원 진균에 대하여 살균 활성범위를 조사한 결과, 이 화합물은 50 ㎍/㎖ 농도에서 Pythium ultimum, Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum은 전혀 억제하지 못하였으며, Phytophthora spp., Cladosporium fulvum, Fusarium spp., Corynespora cassicola에는 어느 정도의 활성이 있었지만 낮게 나타났고, P. oryzae, Cochliobolus miyabeanus, Alternaria solani는 100% 억제하여 활성이 높게 나타났다. 또한 장내 세균에 대한 활성을 MIC로 비교할 때 Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus faecium에 대하여는 각각 12.5, 25 ㎍/㎖였고 Staphylococcus aureus는 25~50 ㎍/㎖으로 나타났으며, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium, Klebsiella aerogenes, Enterobacter cloacae에서는 100㎍/㎖ 이상으로 활성이 나타나지 않았다. F402를 200 ㎍/㎖의 농도로 직접 살포한 식물체에서의 방제효과는 벼도열병, 벼 깨씨무늬병, 보리 흰가루병에 대하여는 80% 이상이었으나, 벼 잎집무늬마름병, 오이 잿빛곰팡이병, 토마토 역병, 밀 녹병에서는 낮았다.
A Fusarium graminearum isolate was obtained from the phylloplane of a tomato plant. Antifungal substances were isolated from the F. graminearum isolate grown on potato dextrose agar (PDA) by using chloroform extraction and subsequent separation methods including silica gel flash column chromatography, thin layer chromatography, gel filtration, and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The final HPLC gave five active fractions. Of these substances, the antifungal activities of the fraction 1 (F402) was examined in this study. Twenty-two phytopathogenic fungi were grown on PDA with the substance and their growth was examine to evaluate the antifungal activity of the substance. The substance completely inhibited the growth of Pyricularia oryzae, Cochliobolus miyabeanus, and Alternaria solani at the concentration of 50 ㎍/㎖, whereas it slightly inhibited the growth of Phytophthora spp., Cladosporium fulvum, Fusarium spp., and Corynespora cassicola at the same concentration. In contrast, Pythium ultimum, Rhizoctonia solani, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum showed normal growth at any concentrations of the substance examined. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of the substance to Streptococcus pyogenes, S. faecium, and Staphylococcus aureus were 12.5, 50, and 25~50 ㎍/㎖, respectively. The substance had no inhibitory effect on the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium, Klebsiella aerogenes, and Enterobacter cloacae even at the concentration of 100 ㎍/㎖. When the substance was sprayed directly to plants, the substance effectively controlled rice blast, rice brown spot, and barley powdery mildew with more than 80% disease control value. However, the substance had low disease control values against rice sheath blight, cucumber gray mold, tomato late blight, and wheat leaf rust.