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The sea area of the far-eastern Asian countries - that is, Northwest Pacific region, was regarded as the area facing the highest risk of oil spill in the world. In fact, 19 major oil spills (greater than 1,000 tons), 124 intermediate spills (50 ~ 1,000 tons), and innumerable small spills (less than 50 tons) have been occurred in the area from 1990-2004. Based upon the perception of high risk of oil spill, the four countries bordering the Northwest Pacific (China, Japan, R. Korea and Russia) have developed effective measures for regional cooperation in marine pollution preparedness and response within the framework of the Northwest Pacific Action Plan (NOWPAP), which was established in 1994 as a Regional Seas Programme of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). MERRAC, as one of four Regional Activity Centers of NOWPAP, has been responsible for regional co-operation on marine pollution preparedness and response in the region. For the purpose of providing an operational mechanism for mutual assistance during major oil pollution incidents in the region, MERRAC has especially developed the NOWPAP Regional Oil Spill Contingency Plan (Plan) and its Memorandum of Understanding (MoU), which was officially come into effect on being signed by all NOWPAP Members. Now, the four countries of the NOWPAP region are in a better state of preparedness to respond to oil spills, as each of them may request assistance from the other three NOWPAP members in cases of large oil spill emergencies. The present paper introduces current activities of MERRAC as a new regional initiative on marine pollution preparedness and response in the NOWPAP region, together with analysis of oil spill risk in the region and regional preparedness and response system to oil spill, with a special reference to NOWPAP Regional Oil Spill Contingency Plan.

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ABSTRACT
1. INTRODUCTION
2. ASSESSMENT OF RISK OF OIL SPILLS IN THE NOWPAP REGION
3. Marine Environmental Emergency Preparedness and Response regional Activity Centre(MERRAC)
4. NOWPAP Reglonal Oil Spill Contingency Plan
5. CONCLUSIONS
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UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0101-2009-472-016831606