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논문 기본 정보

자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
저널정보
신영어영문학회 신영어영문학 신영어영문학 제19집
발행연도
2001.8
수록면
17 - 33 (17page)

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Dickens' critics have found Esther irritating and insipid; they evaluate Esther's narrative as no more than a comforting contrast to the third person omniscient narrative. However, I argue that Esther has ability to represent herself as a subject: As an agent, she is dependent on her status as a person who lost her mother.
For Esther, a missing mother signifies anxiety and fear; as the figure of psychological origins. Esther's mother stands as the source of subjectivity and individual identity. The loss of her mother represents a crisis regarding the conditions of individual identity. However, the death of a mother in this novel brings about the birth of an authorial subject. Esther's narrative, which focuses on maternal absence and loss, leads Esther to be an authorial subject.
Melanie Klein suggests the theories of gender and subjectivity: I argue that Klein challenges maternal marginalization through mother-centered theories of infant development. As Klein's pattern focuses on the return of a mother, this novel emphasizes maternal loss, and eventually maternal return. In Dickens' Bleak House, Esther's autobiographical narrative demonstrates the function of maternal absence for the construction of a speaking subject.
In this paper, I examined the influence of maternal absence in sociological aspects as well as in psychoanalytic aspects. Dickens indicates the social problems that orphans such as Esther, Jo, and Caddy go through. Critics have noted the ambivalence and rage which Dickens directs toward mothers. Children are the only true adults: Mrs. Pardiggle and Mrs. Jellyby are malign mothers. By using these maternal figures, Dickens deconstructs the traditional concept of Victorian women. Esther is surely the ideal homemaker; every aspects of her identity remains unfixed and unstable. In his location in Esther of an ideal of domesticity, Dickens deconstructs the traditional ethic of stability and constancy.
Even though Esther suffers from her pain due to the loss of her mother, she becomes empowered as a narrator. The death of a mother announces to Esther the possibility of her own life and the formation of her identity. I would suggest that her narrative power is articulated over the loss of her mother. The novel concludes in a moment of rhetorical indeterminacy, in which Esther is effaced by the imposition of her text. Esther exists in the realm between death and subjectivity, between fiction and autobiography, and between the issues of her mother's body and the issue of Esther's own subjectivity. Thus, the loss of Esther's mother is clearly the cause, the formative condition and the personal crisis, which finally leads Esther into the formation of her own subjectivity.

목차

Ⅰ. 들어가는글―에스더와 모성의 중요성
Ⅱ. 모성의 부재
Ⅲ. 모성의 부재와 에스더의 주체성
Ⅳ. 전통적인 모성상의 해체
Ⅴ. 모성의 부재와 탐정
Ⅵ. 나오는 글
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〈Abstract〉

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