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자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
저널정보
한국현대영미드라마학회 현대영미드라마 현대영미드라마 제20권 제3호
발행연도
2007.12
수록면
33 - 59 (27page)

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Peter Shaffer's The Royal Hunt of the Sun dramatizes Spanish conquistador, Francisco Pizarro’s conquest of the Inca between 1529-33. However, Shaffer transforms the story of the invasion, conquest and massacre into Pizarro's metaphysical quest for God. Having lived as a completely disillusioned agnostic in the old world, on the new continent, Pizarro starts to accept Atahualapa, the Inca King as a savior to rescue him from the total cynicism he has developed. Shaffer, a history major at Cambridge, borrowed the detailed descriptions about the Spanish invasion as well as half of the characters from Prescott's History of the Conquest of Peru, his major source of the play. But the playwright adds the myth of the general’s devotion to Atahualpa as his living God to the historical accounts. Combining history with myth causes conflicts in the character portrayal and the consistency of the plot. Shaffer uses glamorous spectacles and sound effects to attract the audience's attention to Inca civilization and the horror of the Spanish massacre. However, Old Martin's detached narration and the plot centering around the metaphysical quest and the two heroes' friendship undermine the effects of the spectacle. The audience is in the perplexing situation to be angry with injustice of the Spanish colonization but at the same time to be sympathizing with Pizarro's search for divinity. The most serious weakness of the play is that while portraying the historical figures and dramatizing the historical incidents, the play avoids the issue of the historical responsibility for the collapse of the Inca. Pizarro, portrayed as a devoted God searcher, is drawn as a passive observer of the Spanish massacre and brutal pillage. Atahualpa, portrayed as an innocent noble savage, avoids responsibility for the collapse of his own kingdom. At the end of the play, Pizarro involuntarily executes Atahualpa, only after being persuaded by the Inca King's faith in his rebirth. However, Atahualpa fails to resurrect and Pizarro falls into complete despair. Even though Old Martin sums up the play by emphasizing that it is Spain that destroyed the Inca, the last image of the play is Pizarro in despair lying with dead Atahualpa. The ending of the play seems to assert that Pizarro's loss of his God has greater dramatic significance than that of the downfall of the Inca. As a literary work, the play should achieve a dramatic unity and the consistency of the characters. If utilizing history generates a conflict with literary achievement, then, the creative method should be reconsidered.

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