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Race is a mode of placing cultural meanings on the body in the language of biology and genealogy. This paper is a study on several stereotypes of Asian Americans in cultural formation of America, especially in Hollywood films, and their historical backgrounds.
First, the image of the Asian as a pollutant originated in mid-nineteenth -century California. In the popular imagination, California was always encoded as a free-soil Eden, a place where people with small capital might have a second chance to build a white republic. However, in reality, California was chaotic in the process of industrialization. White proletariats, being frustrated by their economic reality, explained their failure as the result of Asian immigration. The Chinese were represented as very different both racially and culturally. They were "aliens" threatening American society.
After the Cold War, American culture began to show drastically different attitudes towards Asians. First, Asian ladies began to be represented as a code of an idealistic woman. Starkly contrasted with the earlier images of Asian women as "dragon ladies," these new Asian female images emphasize their innocence and beauty. These "lotus blossom" images resulted from the American necessity to make a favorable relationship with Asia, which was a battle field of two ideologies_ capitalism and communism.
"Model minority" is the extension of the Cold War ideology. In this mythology, Asian men are also acclaimed as "successful" minority. Asian Americans are promoted as a model of productivity, savings, and mobility. Emphasizing the ethnic assimilation of Asians and their political silence, this image could effectively hold out the political militancy of African Americans and Latinos.
Since the 1970s, the model minority image has coexisted with and reinforced a representation of the Asian American as the gook. The rapid growth of the Asian American population and its apparent success were assumed as the main cause of the new crisis of American economy. Now Asian Americans are represented as the agents of foreign or multinational capital and their success is seen as camouflage for subversion of "sound" American capitalist ethics.
First, the image of the Asian as a pollutant originated in mid-nineteenth -century California. In the popular imagination, California was always encoded as a free-soil Eden, a place where people with small capital might have a second chance to build a white republic. However, in reality, California was chaotic in the process of industrialization. White proletariats, being frustrated by their economic reality, explained their failure as the result of Asian immigration. The Chinese were represented as very different both racially and culturally. They were "aliens" threatening American society.
After the Cold War, American culture began to show drastically different attitudes towards Asians. First, Asian ladies began to be represented as a code of an idealistic woman. Starkly contrasted with the earlier images of Asian women as "dragon ladies," these new Asian female images emphasize their innocence and beauty. These "lotus blossom" images resulted from the American necessity to make a favorable relationship with Asia, which was a battle field of two ideologies_ capitalism and communism.
"Model minority" is the extension of the Cold War ideology. In this mythology, Asian men are also acclaimed as "successful" minority. Asian Americans are promoted as a model of productivity, savings, and mobility. Emphasizing the ethnic assimilation of Asians and their political silence, this image could effectively hold out the political militancy of African Americans and Latinos.
Since the 1970s, the model minority image has coexisted with and reinforced a representation of the Asian American as the gook. The rapid growth of the Asian American population and its apparent success were assumed as the main cause of the new crisis of American economy. Now Asian Americans are represented as the agents of foreign or multinational capital and their success is seen as camouflage for subversion of "sound" American capitalist ethics.
목차
Ⅰ. 서론
Ⅱ. 헐리우드 이전 미국의 대중문화와 아시아계 신화
Ⅲ. 헐리우드 영화와 아시아계 신화 만들기
Ⅳ. 아시아계 신화의 해체
Ⅴ. 결론
인용문헌
Abstract
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