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The terrestrial orchid Calanthe (Calanthe spp.) comprises about 171 species distributed in the world, but only four species and two natural hybrids are known to grow in Korea. In order to enhance their marketing values by cultivar development of Calanthe, phenotypic variables accounting for a greater genetic diversity of 98 Korean Calanthe landraces were determined in this study. Data for a total of 84 traits were recorded by measuring quantitatively or scoring visually. A multivariate data analysis method was implemented, which included a principal component analysis (PCA), a factor analysis, and a variable clustering analysis. The cumulative variation of 98 accessions explained by three principal components was 46.1, 47.6, 54.5, and 42.5%, explained by variables in the whole plant, leaf, and bract (WLB), flower, sepal and petal (SP), and lip and spur (LS) categories, respectively. The genotypic similarity among 98 Korean Calanthe landraces was highest in C. sieboldii (97.7%), followed by C. discolor (97.0%) and C. x bicolor (90.1%). A minimum set of variables include bract size, flower stalk length, flower fragrance, lateral sepal length, and lip mid lobe margin undulation for the population diversity in the Calanthe species.

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Abstract
Introduction
Materials and Methods
Results and Discussion
Acknowledgement
Literature Cited

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