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논문 기본 정보
- 자료유형
- 학술저널
- 저자정보
- 발행연도
- 2000.12
- 수록면
- 25 - 52 (28page)
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Asian American literature has undergone dramatic changes since it was regarded as a distinctive field in the emergence of the civil rights movement in the late 1960s. Since then there has been rapid and extensive growth in this area over the past four decades. With its development. the idea of a unifying Asian American sensibility has been challenged to take into account heterogeneity based on the characteristics of each country.
This article aims to trace and examine the development of Korean American women′s voices within the context of Asian American literature. Early Korean American literature. largely autobiographical. is from the elite class of educated male immigrants. Generally focusing on immigrant life of the 1920s and 1930s and on memories of Korea during the Japanese occupation. these texts usually describe Korean history with male-centered war experiences and adventures. Female characters are secondary or even invisible. and the subordination of women is accepted as natural and even desirable in their works.
In contrast, most Korean American women writers acutely felt the limitations of traditional female roles. writing about womens lives in their patriarchal homeland with its rich culture and colonized history. Their themes enraged male critics. who tried to reassert Asian American manhood to escape from the emasculated stereotypes about Asian American men depicted in Western writings. It initiated the conflict between feminism and nationalism in Asian American literature.
This article divides Korean American womens writings into four stages. Offering an incisive critique of racism and the process of creating a self-determined identity in America, the first generation of women writers presented Korean immigrants daily struggle with poverty. In this stage they still cherished Korea as their homeland. Racism, rather than sexism, is viewed as a more serious source of material and psychic violence. The second stage reflected the experiences and values of the generation born after the war as the children of the early immigrants. Struggling to maintain their Korean cultural integrity, they made an effort to bring to light the hidden. the forgotten. and the disparaged in their parents immigrant lives. Cherishing their ethnic heritage was their first interest.
In the third stage, writers treated Korean heritage as just one of many facets of their identity. since there had been the increment of hybridity and heterogeneity. Refusing to be read only through the lens of race and ethnicity, they regarded their writing as a way of exploring the past. In the final and present stage, most contemporary Korean feminist writers have expanded the boundaries of Asian American literature by not only insisting on heterogenity, multiplicity, and indeterminacy, but introducing postmodern techniques in their writings, while exploring the affinities between Korean Americans and the Third World diaspora. As a result, these divergent perspectives permit a more fluid sense of identity.
The most important and influential among this generation of Korean American writers is Theresa Hak Kyung Cha. She challenged traditional, patriarchal hierarchies of genre with Dictee, though seeking to recover repressed ethnic histories and gender. With new textual strategy of adopting a variety of languages, materials. and literary genres and breaking down the distinction between all the boundaries, she widened the definition of Asian American literature.
As the above, Korean American women writers unveiled, with female perspective, the colonized history of their homeland as well as the immigrant history of Koreans in America which had been effaced by Western dominated discourse. Pursuing female subjectivity as well as their cultural identity as Asian Americans, they also have expanded identity formation and opened it to multiple dimensions. Accordingly their writings have enriched Asian American literature. In particular, their pursuit of multiple and fluid identities anticipates and meets the demand of this globalization era, that we accept the dissonance that arises from the differences among the various ethnic groups as offering new possibilities.
This article aims to trace and examine the development of Korean American women′s voices within the context of Asian American literature. Early Korean American literature. largely autobiographical. is from the elite class of educated male immigrants. Generally focusing on immigrant life of the 1920s and 1930s and on memories of Korea during the Japanese occupation. these texts usually describe Korean history with male-centered war experiences and adventures. Female characters are secondary or even invisible. and the subordination of women is accepted as natural and even desirable in their works.
In contrast, most Korean American women writers acutely felt the limitations of traditional female roles. writing about womens lives in their patriarchal homeland with its rich culture and colonized history. Their themes enraged male critics. who tried to reassert Asian American manhood to escape from the emasculated stereotypes about Asian American men depicted in Western writings. It initiated the conflict between feminism and nationalism in Asian American literature.
This article divides Korean American womens writings into four stages. Offering an incisive critique of racism and the process of creating a self-determined identity in America, the first generation of women writers presented Korean immigrants daily struggle with poverty. In this stage they still cherished Korea as their homeland. Racism, rather than sexism, is viewed as a more serious source of material and psychic violence. The second stage reflected the experiences and values of the generation born after the war as the children of the early immigrants. Struggling to maintain their Korean cultural integrity, they made an effort to bring to light the hidden. the forgotten. and the disparaged in their parents immigrant lives. Cherishing their ethnic heritage was their first interest.
In the third stage, writers treated Korean heritage as just one of many facets of their identity. since there had been the increment of hybridity and heterogeneity. Refusing to be read only through the lens of race and ethnicity, they regarded their writing as a way of exploring the past. In the final and present stage, most contemporary Korean feminist writers have expanded the boundaries of Asian American literature by not only insisting on heterogenity, multiplicity, and indeterminacy, but introducing postmodern techniques in their writings, while exploring the affinities between Korean Americans and the Third World diaspora. As a result, these divergent perspectives permit a more fluid sense of identity.
The most important and influential among this generation of Korean American writers is Theresa Hak Kyung Cha. She challenged traditional, patriarchal hierarchies of genre with Dictee, though seeking to recover repressed ethnic histories and gender. With new textual strategy of adopting a variety of languages, materials. and literary genres and breaking down the distinction between all the boundaries, she widened the definition of Asian American literature.
As the above, Korean American women writers unveiled, with female perspective, the colonized history of their homeland as well as the immigrant history of Koreans in America which had been effaced by Western dominated discourse. Pursuing female subjectivity as well as their cultural identity as Asian Americans, they also have expanded identity formation and opened it to multiple dimensions. Accordingly their writings have enriched Asian American literature. In particular, their pursuit of multiple and fluid identities anticipates and meets the demand of this globalization era, that we accept the dissonance that arises from the differences among the various ethnic groups as offering new possibilities.
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UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0101-2009-337-015855299