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논문 기본 정보
- 자료유형
- 학술저널
- 저자정보
- 발행연도
- 2006.9
- 수록면
- 65 - 86 (22page)
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초록· 키워드
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Threats to human security have often been understood to involve threats against two dimensions of freedom: freedom from "wants," that is, what we often regard as underdevelopment, as well as freedom from "fear," that is to be secure from violent conflict and oppression. It has sometimes been argued that these two dimensions should be kept separate to provide a more narrow, practical and scientific conceptualization of human security that focuses on the dimension of "fear." This article assesses arguments in favour of separating these two dimensions by firstly, examining whether the two dimensions are empirically associated and secondly by discussing whether a broad conceptualization of human security has already been applied in conflict prevention. The article proceeds with a broad human security concept in mind to study how conflict prevention in the form of peacekeeping operations in intrastate conflicts is related to one or both dimensions of the human security concept. This then investigates to what extent peacekeeping operations in intrastate conflicts have been carried out in East Asia 1948-2000.
This article finds that the dimensions "wants" and "fears" of the human security concept are empirically associated. From this follows that the human security concept needs to encompass both dimensions and that the efforts to address human security threats consequently need to encompass both dimensions to become successful. Another finding is that threats against freedom from "fear"(violent conflict) are self-generating and thus highly persistent. From this follows that conflict prevention to avoid armed conflict to begin with is of utter importance. There is therefore a need to address threats against freedom from "wants," and this means in turn that for purposes of conflict prevention it is necessary to use a broad conceptualization of human security. Experience shows also that both dimensions of the human security concept are already part of the conflict prevention agenda which suggests that a broad conceptualization of human security is in fact practically manageable. The article shows also that peacekeeping operations are related to the concept of human security. These observations undermine the practically oriented argument in favour of a more narrow and fear-oriented human security concept, while it is must be said that for individual actors there may exist a practical need for focusing on only one of the dimensions.
In East Asia, peacekeeping operations efforts to address human security threats in terms of "fear" have been rare due to historical and geographical reasons. Taking this into account, one may easily take a pessimistic outlook on the prospect for increased regional cooperation on issues of operational conflict prevention to address human security threats. However, closer regional economic integration may reduce the importance of history, and thus spill over into closer cooperation on issues of security and conflict prevention but such a process is likely to take a considerable period of time. There may still be opportunities for third party actors-regional but foremost extra-regional-to become involved not as peacekeepers, but as peace facilitators that offer good offices, mediation etc. Over time, such third party involvement may not only address threats to freedom from "fear," but also set a precedent in the direction towards peacekeeping operations possibly leading to multidimensional peacekeeping operations. This, however, may require a considerable period of time due to the same aforementioned reasons.
Bearing in mind the history and unresolved issue of the region it appears reasonable to expect that it will be more likely that actors from outside the region (e.g., the UN) are invited as third party actors. Here is thus an opportunity for the UN and other neutral actors to incrementally become more involved addressing human security threats in the region.
This article finds that the dimensions "wants" and "fears" of the human security concept are empirically associated. From this follows that the human security concept needs to encompass both dimensions and that the efforts to address human security threats consequently need to encompass both dimensions to become successful. Another finding is that threats against freedom from "fear"(violent conflict) are self-generating and thus highly persistent. From this follows that conflict prevention to avoid armed conflict to begin with is of utter importance. There is therefore a need to address threats against freedom from "wants," and this means in turn that for purposes of conflict prevention it is necessary to use a broad conceptualization of human security. Experience shows also that both dimensions of the human security concept are already part of the conflict prevention agenda which suggests that a broad conceptualization of human security is in fact practically manageable. The article shows also that peacekeeping operations are related to the concept of human security. These observations undermine the practically oriented argument in favour of a more narrow and fear-oriented human security concept, while it is must be said that for individual actors there may exist a practical need for focusing on only one of the dimensions.
In East Asia, peacekeeping operations efforts to address human security threats in terms of "fear" have been rare due to historical and geographical reasons. Taking this into account, one may easily take a pessimistic outlook on the prospect for increased regional cooperation on issues of operational conflict prevention to address human security threats. However, closer regional economic integration may reduce the importance of history, and thus spill over into closer cooperation on issues of security and conflict prevention but such a process is likely to take a considerable period of time. There may still be opportunities for third party actors-regional but foremost extra-regional-to become involved not as peacekeepers, but as peace facilitators that offer good offices, mediation etc. Over time, such third party involvement may not only address threats to freedom from "fear," but also set a precedent in the direction towards peacekeeping operations possibly leading to multidimensional peacekeeping operations. This, however, may require a considerable period of time due to the same aforementioned reasons.
Bearing in mind the history and unresolved issue of the region it appears reasonable to expect that it will be more likely that actors from outside the region (e.g., the UN) are invited as third party actors. Here is thus an opportunity for the UN and other neutral actors to incrementally become more involved addressing human security threats in the region.
목차
Ⅰ. 서론
Ⅱ. 인간안보와 분쟁예방
Ⅲ. 인간안보와 평화유지
Ⅳ. 동아시아에서의 평화유지와 분쟁예방
Ⅴ. 결론: 예상, 그리고 처방
【참고문헌】
[ABSTRACT]
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UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0101-2009-350-018345364