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학술연구/단체지원/교육 등 연구자 활동을 지속하도록 DBpia가 지원하고 있어요.
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연구자들이 자신의 연구와 전문성을 널리 알리고, 새로운 협력의 기회를 만들 수 있는 네트워킹 공간이에요.
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초록· 키워드
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What were the conditions surrounding the lives of farmers during the Japanese colonial times and how did they react to their situation? Farmers choose many courses of actions in order to survive in their society as their independent subjects. Their behavior patterns can be classified into three types of patterns: adaption or escape; self-reliance; resistance or looking for alternatives. These responses by farmers are choices they make in order to live their own lives. In this paper, the farmers' conditions and responses during the colonial times were compared to those of modern times, and their characteristics were examined.
The conditions surrounding the farmers during the colonial times can be summarized as colonial system and landlord system. The farmers did not have anyone to represent them or political rights, and because of the demands of the Japanese empire and landlords, they did not even have freedom in selecting crop seeds or the way they farmed. The landlord system decided the lifestyle of the farmers, and the grain export for Japanese capitalism only strengthened that system. Most farmers were thus in an impoverished state. In that environment, the farmers made diverse choices. Many escaped to cities or overseas to survive. As city industries were not yet developed, however, they became the urban poor. Some who adapted to the Japanese agricultural policies in order to survive became "self-reliant" as mid-level managers through independent farming. Those who rejected landlord and colonial systems either resisted by participating in the peasant movement or dreamed of agricultural reform such as land reform. Regardless of what behavioral patterns the farmers chose, those actions revealed the structural contradictions of the society the farmers were living in, and their struggles were a movement toward obtaining wholeness as independent subjects.
After liberation, the farmers came to own land through farmland reform, and the campaign to increase production expanded agricultural capacity. The farmers' economic standard of living advanced significantly compared to the colonial period. Nevertheless, a monopoly capital-centered economic structure emerged while agriculture atrophied, and the farming class disintegrated. Specifically, after the 1980s as Korea continues to expand its agricultural import, the agricultural business of the remaining farmers is worsening. In this process, more farmers have left to find new work in other industries in cities. The people who had received the benefit of self-reliance during the colonial period also grew as "modern subjects" during the Saemaeul movement. Its economic limitations, however, were soon revealed. After the 1980s, the farmers realized that their economic stability was possible only when accompanied by political democratization, unification, and international independence, and they began to search for a new outlook that would lead them into the future, such as preservation of ecological environment and welfare for farmers.
The conditions surrounding the farmers during the colonial times can be summarized as colonial system and landlord system. The farmers did not have anyone to represent them or political rights, and because of the demands of the Japanese empire and landlords, they did not even have freedom in selecting crop seeds or the way they farmed. The landlord system decided the lifestyle of the farmers, and the grain export for Japanese capitalism only strengthened that system. Most farmers were thus in an impoverished state. In that environment, the farmers made diverse choices. Many escaped to cities or overseas to survive. As city industries were not yet developed, however, they became the urban poor. Some who adapted to the Japanese agricultural policies in order to survive became "self-reliant" as mid-level managers through independent farming. Those who rejected landlord and colonial systems either resisted by participating in the peasant movement or dreamed of agricultural reform such as land reform. Regardless of what behavioral patterns the farmers chose, those actions revealed the structural contradictions of the society the farmers were living in, and their struggles were a movement toward obtaining wholeness as independent subjects.
After liberation, the farmers came to own land through farmland reform, and the campaign to increase production expanded agricultural capacity. The farmers' economic standard of living advanced significantly compared to the colonial period. Nevertheless, a monopoly capital-centered economic structure emerged while agriculture atrophied, and the farming class disintegrated. Specifically, after the 1980s as Korea continues to expand its agricultural import, the agricultural business of the remaining farmers is worsening. In this process, more farmers have left to find new work in other industries in cities. The people who had received the benefit of self-reliance during the colonial period also grew as "modern subjects" during the Saemaeul movement. Its economic limitations, however, were soon revealed. After the 1980s, the farmers realized that their economic stability was possible only when accompanied by political democratization, unification, and international independence, and they began to search for a new outlook that would lead them into the future, such as preservation of ecological environment and welfare for farmers.
목차
머리말
1. 일상의 힘겨움에서 탈출하는 사람들
2. ‘자력갱생‘하는 사람들
3. 스스로 ‘해방‘하는 사람들
맺음말
주
참고문헌
Abstract
참고문헌 (28)
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UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0101-2010-905-002312160