본 연구는 조직정치지각이 직무스트레스와 조직시민행동에 미치는 영향과, 조직정치지각이 직무스트레스를 매개로 작용하여 긍정적인 직무태도를 저해하는지에 대한 관계를 규명해 보았다. 대상기업은 보험업, 증권업, 은행 등의 금융 분야와 제조업 분야 11개의 정규직 구성원들을 대상으로 2009년 5월 1일부터 동년 동월 31일까지 총 500부를 배포하여 325부가 회수하여 불성실한 설문지 20부를 제외한 305부를 분석에 이용하였다. 연구결과를 보면, 첫째, 조직정치지각이 직무스트레스에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 직무스트레스가 조직시민행동에 부(-)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 내재론자와 외재론자 간에 조직정치지각이 직무스트레스에 미치는 영향력이 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 시사점을 살펴보면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 조직정치지각 뿐 아니라 직무스트레스가 조직이나 조직 구성원에게 주는 영향 요인의 명확한 규명이 아직 미흡한 실정에 조직정치지각과 조직시민행동이라는 조직 구성원의 태도에 미치는 영향을 보았으며, 동시에 직무스트레스를 매개 변수로 설정하여 그 역할과 영향력을 알아본 것에 의의가 있다고 할 수 있다. 둘째, 조직정치지각과 조직시민행동 간의 관계에서 알 수 있듯이 조직구성원들은 조직정치지각을 직무와 관련된 잠재적 스트레스 요인으로 인식하고 있다. 따라서 경영자들은 조직정치의 역기능적인 면을 최소화하는 것 외에도 변화에 대한 대처 능력 등을 최대한 살릴 수 있도록 조직정치를 적절히 통제, 관리하는 것이 필요하다. 본 연구는 다음과 같은 한계점을 갖는다. 첫째, 자료수집은 응답자의 주관적 지각에 기초한 설문지를 이용한 횡단적 연구에 머무르는 한계점이 있다. 둘째, 조직정치지각과 조직시민행동과의 관계에 있어서 직무스트레스의 효과만을 분석대상으로 하였다. 그러나 다양한 매개변인의 효과를 알아볼 필요가 있다.
The necessity about research on how and how much organizational politics, which recognized by various phenomena in companies and organizations competing with radical environmental changes and knee competition in current society, affects on workers’ attitude at work and group effectiveness. The phenomenon of organizational politics happens where organizations exist because of limited amount of resources and their own interest. Although there are both positive and negative perspective on organizational politics, we see a work environment that is political in nature can engender negative reactions on the behavior and attitudes of employees, such as diminished organizational citizenship behavior. Being discontented with irrational policies and practices of the organization or being tired of the political behavior of co-workers or supervisors, an employee may feel emotionally exhausted, stressful in his or her work and/or reluctant to devote him/herself to work with professionalism. This psychological phenomenon can exert negative impacts on individuals, causing physical and mental problems, such as fatigue, headaches, depression, anxiety and deterioration of family and social relationships. Therefore, this study investigated the influence that perception of organizational politics has on organizational citizenship behavior and relationship about how organizational politics inhibits positive working attitude with job stress. This research targeted permanent employees from 11 target companies both on financial sector such as insurance, stock, bank and so on and manufacturing sector and distributed total 500 questionnaires from May 1st to May 31th in 2009 and collected 325 of them so response rate was 65%. This research showed enough confidence because all reliability coefficient are over 0.60000 as follows: reliability coefficient are 0.8487 on perception of organizational politics, 0.7889 on locus of control and 0.8751 on job stress, 0.9107 on organizational citizenship behavior. Also, the result of analyzing clear evidence indicated high fidelity and standardized lodging about all research units were significant so its convergent validity was proved. Research results are as follows. First, the research showed that perception of organizational politics has positive influence on job stress. Second, the research showed that job stress has negative influence on organizational citizenship behavior. Third, the research showed that there are differences on influence that perception of organizational politics has on job stress and job stress has on organizational citizenship behavior between internals and externals. Implications from this research are as follows. First, the influence that perception of organizational politics and organizational citizenship behavior affect members of organization under the situation that clear analysis about factors which both perception of organizational politics and job stress affect members of organization is not enough was seen and it was meaningful that researching functions and influence of perception of organizational politics with job stress as a parameter. Second, perception of organizational politics are placed in members of organization as a part of group life for sure. However, practically there have been lots of researches on organizational politics phenomena and this research proved the necessity of analyzing definite concept and developing measurement methods of perception of organizational politics that have not been studies enough since Ferris and his colleagues arranged its concept in 1989. Third, members of organization recognize perception of organizational politics as potential stress related to their job as we can see on the result of actual analysis about relationship between perception of organizational politics and organizational citizenship behavior from this research. It is important to minimize those stress factors for sure however we need to activate the aspect of absolute function of organizational politics. Therefore, the management should control and manage political activities in organizations to maximize positive functions of organizational politics such as capability to deal with changes besides minimizing negative function of group politics The limits of this research are as follows. First, there is a limit to this research that is collecting data is only done by cross sectional method with questionnaires based on respondents’ subjective awareness. Therefore, it is necessary to generalize researches by longitudinal study and improvement of quantitative methodology that can consider respondents’ individual features about desires and problems of respond set. Second, this research only analyzes influence of job stress on relationship between perception of organizational politics and organizational citizenship behavior. However, it is necessary to study influence of various factors as well.