본 연구는 다환방향족탄화수소류에 대하여 매체간 거동 및 물리ㆍ화학적 변환 등을 파악하여 대기, 수질, 토양에 대한 평가방법을 구축하고 기초자료를 확보하고자 하였다. 미국 EPA가 개발한 구획모형인 CalTOX 모델을 사용하여 주요 다환방향족탄화수소류의 다매체 거동 및 매체별 분포 특성을 예비모사하였다. 그 결과 run-off 지점의 PAHs 농도 분포 결과, 4개 지점의 총 PAHs 농도는 표토에서 2.34 ~ 49.09 ㎍/㎏, 심토에서 5.96~42.67 ㎍/㎏으로 다양한 농도 범위를 보여주었으며, run-off 지점의 특성을 고려하여 대기 중 PAHs 결과와 함께 수질 및 퇴적토와의 연관성을 고려하여 평가되어야 할 것으로 판단된다. 아산호와 삽교호 인근지역의 8개 매체(대기, 나뭇잎, 표토, 뿌리지역 토양, vadose-zone 토양, 지하수, 지표수, 퇴적물)에 대한 CalTOX 모사결과, 매체별 분포율은 뿌리지역 토양으로 축적되는 것은 40.4~91.0%로 나타났고, 표토층에 축적되는 것은 2.2~5.5%로 나타났다. CalTOX에 의한 일별 매체간 이동량을 모사한 결과, PAHs는 주로 대상지역에 존재하는 석유정제시설로부터 대기로 유입되어 대기중 이류에 의한 모사구간 외부 유출, 매체 내에서 반응기작 및 반감기에 따른 소멸, 뿌리부근토양으로의 침적 등으로 거동되는 것으로 나타났다.
This study was carried out to establish the diagnostic method of multi-media fate of pollutants and to monitor the pollutant distribution as a basic study for assessment of environmental toxicity of pollutants. CalTOX model, which is developed to study the multi-media transportation, inter-media production, and sink mechanism of chemicals by U.S. EPA, was used to predict the multimedia characteristics of PAHs in Lake Asan and Lake Sapgyo region. The mean concentration of total PAHs, calculated by summing up gaseous and particulate PAHs in the atmosphere, is Phenanthrene (3.87 ng/㎥) > Fluoranthene (1.48 ng/㎥) > Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene (1.45 ng/㎥) > Benzo(a)pyrene (0.23 ng/㎥) > Benzo(a)antracene (0.15 ng/㎥), in order of concentration. Dry deposition flux, serving as an index for PAHs in the atmosphere, were Phenanthrene(1.48㎍/㎡/day) > Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene(0.31 ㎍/㎡/day)> Fluoranthene(0.28 ㎍/㎡/day) > Benzo(a)pyrene (0.25 ㎍/㎡/day) > Benzo(a)anthracene(0.23 ㎍/㎡/day) in order of high flux. The order of five PAHs compounds in water was Fluoranthene> Phenanthrene> Benzo(a)pyrene> Benzo(a)anthracene, Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene. Concentrations are ranged from <1.0 ng/L to 11.0 ng/L for Phenanthrene, <1.0 ng/L to 13.2 ng/L for Fluoranthene, <0.5 ng/L to 1.0 ㎍/L for Benzo(a)anthracene and <1.0 ng/L to 1.9 ng/L for Benzo(a)pyrene, <0.5 ng/L to 0.8 ng/L for Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene. The ranges of average concentration of PAHs in forest soil, upland soil, and road soil with land use were as followed by soil depth: ND~92.90 ㎍/㎏ for Phenanthrene, 2.15~97.86 ㎍/㎏ for Fluororanthene, ND~32.01 ㎍/㎏ for Benzo(a)anthracene, ND~10.69 ㎍/㎏ for Benzo(a)pyrene, and ND~22.74 ㎍/㎏ for Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene. PAHs concentrations in surface soil were mainly higher than those in subsurface soils. CalTOX model, As a result, accumulations of PAHs into the root-zone soil were about 40.4~91.0%, with 2.2~5.5% of PAHs accumulated on the ground soil. CalTOX simulation showed that the flux of PAHs transported between media flowed mainly in the atmosphere, 7.7~38.9% of which flowed out, 57.4~87.2% of which disappeared, and 0.7~4.3% of which were deposited into the root-zone soil.