본 연구의 목적은 만 5세 중국출신 다문화가정 유아의 가족구성 유형에 따른 상위언어 인식, 한국어, 중국어 능력에 관한 연구이다. 연구의 대상 유아는 58명으로 모두 4년 이상 한국에 거주한 유아들이다. 본 연구에 사용한 도구는 상위언어능력을 측정하기 위해 정주원(2009)의 연구를 참고로 본 연구자가 질문지를 수정?보완하여 사용하였다. 한국어 능력은 김영태, 성태제, 이윤경(2003)의 PRES 도구를 사용하였으며, 중국어 능력 도구는 林??, ?玉枝, ?桂君, 宣崇慧(2008)의 도구를 사용하였다. 본 연구를 통해 수집된 자료는 유아 및 부모의 일반적 배경은 빈도분석을 실시하였고, 가족구성 유형에 따른 상위언어 인식, 한국어, 중국어 능력의 차이를 알아보기 위해 t-test 검정을 실시하였다. 마지막으로 가족구성 유형에 따른 상위언어능력, 한국어, 중국어 능력간의 관계를 알아보기 위해 상관관계를 실시하였으며, 상대적 영향력을 알아보기 위하여 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과 가족구성 유형에 따라 상위언어 인식 능력과 한국어 능력은 차이가 있었으며, 중국어 능력은 차이가 없었다. 둘째, 어머니만 중국인 가정의 경우 상위언어 인식이 높을수록 한국어능력이 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 부모 모두 중국인인 경우는 상관이 나타나지 않았다.
This study is on the meta-linguistic awareness, Korean skill, Chinese skill of infants at their full age of 5 in multi-cultural families of Chinese descent by family member type. The subjects of the research are 58 infants at their full age of 5 in multi-cultural families of Chinese descent, who have lived in Korea for more than 5 districts of Seoul metropolitan city and Ansan city infants for more than 4 years. The tools used for this study were modified and supplemented from those used in a study of Jeong, Ju-won(2009) to measure meta-linguistic awareness. Next, for acceptance and expressional language skill, PRES tools of Kim, Young-tae, Seong, Tae-jae and Lee, Yun-kyoung(2003) were used while as tools for Chinese skill, tools of Lim, Bo-gwi, Hwang, Ok-gi, Hwang, Gae-gun and Seon, Sung-hae(2008) were used. The data collection through this study first, was carried out through a frequency analysis of general background of the children and their parents using SPSS Windows 12.0. Next, to examine the differences in meta-linguistic awareness, Korean and Chinese skill by family member type, a t-test was carried out. Lastly, to examine the relationship among meta-linguistic awareness, Korean and Chinese skill by family member type, a correlation analysis was carried out, and for children of a Chinese mother, to examine the relative impacts of meta-linguistic awareness skill on their Korean, a regression analysis was carried out. As a result, first, in meta-linguistic awareness, acceptance and expressional language skill, it turned out that there was a difference between families with a Chinese mother and ones with both parents who were Chinese. However, in Chinese skill, it turned out that there was no difference between families with a Chinese mother and ones with both parents who were Chinese. Second, in the impact of meta-linguistic awareness on Korean, for families with a Chinese mother, it turned out that the higher their meta-linguistic awareness, the higher their Korean skill got. For the families with both parents who were Chinese, it turned out that there was no correlation among meta-linguistic awareness and Korean and Chinese skill. The results of this study may be used as basic data for the language development program of multi-cultural family infants of Chinese descent.