Modern endodontics has essentially changed following the introduction of the dental microscope since 1990’s. One of main advantage of using dental microscope in nonsurgical endodontic treatment is enhancing clinician"s ability and quality of treatment through illumination and magnification. Scopes of dental microscope in nonsurgical endodontics are finding a missed or additional root canal and a tooth crack, management of procedural errors, and others. These improvements in technology will result in greater confidence in treatment and better success in clinical practice.