유기농산물인증과 무농약농산물인증 지역의 논토양에 대한 연구를 위하여 고성지역 친환경작목반 중심으로 유기농산물 생산지역 266필지와 무농약 농산물 생산지역 545필지로 나누어 비교 조사하였다. 유기재배지 토양의 Cd, Cu, As, Hg, Pb, Cr<SUP>6+</SUP>, Zn, Ni는 각각 0.05, 14.5, 1.08, 0.92, 10.7, 1.34, 35.9, 22.2 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP>인 반면에 무농약 재배지 토양은 각각 0.32, 13.6, 1.01, 0.03, 10.4, 0.91, 42.4, 22.5 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP>이었다. 토양의 화학성 중 pH, 유기물, 유효 P₂O?, 유효 SiO₂의 평균값은 유기 재배지 토양에서 각각 5.9, 28.9 g kg<SUP>-1</SUP>, 126.2 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP>, 150.8 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP>이었으며, 무농약 재배지 토양은 각각 5.92, 28.4 g kg<SUP>-1</SUP>, 98.4 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP>, 230.1 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP>이었다. 치환성 양이온인 K<SUP>+</SUP>, Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>, Mn<SUP>2+</SUP>의 평균값은 유기재배지 토양의 경우 각각 0.22, 4.83, 0.94 cmol + kg<SUP>-1</SUP>이었고, 무농약 재배지 토양의 경우 각각 0.33, 5.25, 1.04cmol+ kg<SUP>-1</SUP>이었다. 유기 재배지 농업용수의 pH, DO, BOD, COD, SS는 각각 7.23, 8.40, 2.80, 1.86, 2.58 mg l<SUP>-1</SUP>이었고, 무농약 재배지의 농업용수는 각각 7.65, 9.16, 2.25, 4.11, 4.00 mg l<SUP>-1</SUP>이었다. 이와 결과를 기초로 하면, 유기농산물과 무농약농산물의 인증기준이 되는 토양과 농업용수의 차이가 없기 때문에 한국의 유기농산물과 무농약농산물로 나누어진 친환경농산물인증을 국제기준의 유기(식품)인증으로 일원화하여야 할 것으로 본다.
This study was conducted in organic certification soil for the comparison of heavy metals, nutrients, and irrigated water standards to certify a farm. It was carried out in 811 paddy fields of organic rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivated at Goseong-Gun. The amounts of 8 heavy metals, Cd, Cu, As, Hg, Pb, Cr<SUP>6+</SUP>, Zn, and Ni were found to be 0.05, 14.5, 1.08, 0.92, 10.7, 1.34, 35.9, and 22.2 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP> in regular sequence in the organic paddy soil, and they were 0.32, 13.6, 1.01, 0.03, 10.4, 0.91, 42.4 and 22.5 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP> in the non-pesticide paddy soil. In comparing organic and non-pesticide paddy soil with respect to the chemical characteristics of the soil, the average pH and the amount of organic matter, available phosphate and available silicate were 5.88 and 27.6 g kg<SUP>-1</SUP>, 134.5 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP>, and 165.3 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP>, while they were 5.78 and 32.1 g kg<SUP>-1</SUP>, 107.7 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP>, and 175.2 mg kg-1, respectively. The amount of exchangeable cation K<SUB>+</SUB>, Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>, and Mn<SUP>2+</SUP> were 0.25, 5.20, and 1.04 cmol+ kg<SUP>-1</SUP> in organic paddy soil, while they were 0.38, 5.13, and 1.19 cmol+ kg<SUP>-1</SUP> in non-pesticide paddy soil. The pH, DO, BOD, COD and SS conditions of the irrigated water used in the organic paddy soil were found to be 7.23, 8.40, 2.80, 1.86, and 2.58 mg l<SUB>-1</SUB> and the condition of irrigated water used in the non-pesticide paddy soil were found to be 7.65, 9.16, 2.25, 4.11, and 4.00 mg l<SUP>-1</SUP>, respectively. Based on these findings, we suggest that environmentally-friendly certificates in Korea have to unify organic and non-pesticide agro-products in an organic standard in food policy and control because there is no difference between soil and irrigated water standards in the two certifications.