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학술연구/단체지원/교육 등 연구자 활동을 지속하도록 DBpia가 지원하고 있어요.
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연구자들이 자신의 연구와 전문성을 널리 알리고, 새로운 협력의 기회를 만들 수 있는 네트워킹 공간이에요.
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초록· 키워드
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This study examines the process of ethnic realignment in the People’s Republic of China through policy changes in its nationality classification scheme. It focuses on the Tujia nationality, whose population is mostly concentrated in mid-south China. The Tujia, whose name literally means “indigenous”, has a hybrid identity as a result of the centuries of interaction with Han settlers and Miao peoples, despite preserving some of its own ethnic markers distinct from both groups. Such nebulous boundary conditions have raised the question of how to identify the Tujia. In comparison with the Miao, the Tujia people were so sinicized that they were not made a separate nationality in the first census of 1953. Even after their official recognition in 1957, the government still restricted the size of the Tujia population. The Tujia were restricted to Hunan and Hubei provinces and their population remained less than one million until 1978. Yet, the growth in size of the Tujia population since the late 1970s is remarkable. A comparison of the 1982 and 1990 censuses indicates that the number of people who identified as Tujia more than doubled from 2.83 million to 5.72 million. A large proportion of this increase was due to the ethnic reclassification scheme in which Han individuals, who had originally belonged to Tujia, could restore their status. The implementation of preferential policies has also affected this boundary-crossing. The nationality policy of the Central Government not just grants the benefits to minority citizens but also transfers fiscal subventions to local governments under ethnic regional autonomy. Such policies evidently provide the incentive for changing ethnic identification to non-Han. This is especially true for Tujia as its ambiguous identity leaves room for both individual agency and local government agency. Examination of the Tujia identity manipulation demonstrates the malleability of ethnic categories and suggests how local government officials in charge of inflating Tujia population carefully mediate between local interests and national policies.
목차
Ⅰ. 서론
Ⅱ. 투쟈인의 역사적 형성과정
Ⅲ. 투쟈족 민족식별 과정과 인구증가 추세
Ⅳ. 개혁개방 이후 투쟈족 정체성 회복과 공동체 복원
Ⅴ. 중국식 다문화 만들기 현상의 허실
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UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0101-2015-900-001703142