섬과 내륙지역의 교미 여왕벌 생산 효율을 알아보기 위해 일별 및 월별 기상 환경에 따른 왕대 이식률, 산란율, 첫 산란소요일수를 조사하였다. 섬과 내륙의 기후변화에 따른 여왕벌 교미시기를 조사한 결과 섬이 내륙보다 첫 산란소요일수가 10일 길고, 산란율은 13.3%로 낮게 나타나 섬이 내륙보다 여왕벌 교미시기가 늦다는 것을 알 수 있다. 섬에서의 여왕벌 최적교미시기를 조사한 결과 섬의 여왕벌 교미 최적기상조건은 낮 최고기온 20℃ 이상, 풍속 1.0~1.3m/로 나타났다. 위도지역을 격리교미장으로 이용하고자 하는 경우 연도별 기상의 차이는 있지만, 4월 25일 이후에 벌통을 옮겨 교미를 시키는 것이 좋을 것으로 생각된다. 국내의 다른 섬을 이용할 경우 기상 환경을 분석한 후 여왕벌 최적 교미시기에 맞추어 여왕벌 양성을 실행해야 한다.
The ideal mating season of queen bees and the production efficiency of mating queen bees in island and inland areas were explored on an island called Wido which is 15km away from an inland region. This research was conducted so as to preserve honeybee lineages. In order to compare a mating season of queen bees on an island with that in an inland area, 10 drone colonies, 10 organized queenless colonies, and 60 queen bees were raised. The rates of grafting queen cells, the rates of oviposition, and the priod needed for the first oviposition was examined from March 26th to May 20th. In addition, with a view to find out an ideal mating season of queen bees in an island, 10 drone colonies, 10 organized queenless colonies, and 480 queen bees were raised. The rates of grafting queen cells, the rates of oviposition and the number of days needed for the first oviposition were examined on the basis of daily and monthly weather environments. Because of weather differences between island and inland areas, research on the mating season of queen bees resulted in different rates of grafting queen cells as follows; 93% on the island, and 100% in the inland area. This finding resulted from a lower temperature and stronger winds in an island. The rate of oviposition on the island was 50% and that of the inland area was 86.7%. The priod needed for the first oviposition was 21 days on the island and 10 days in an inland area, respectively, which shows a huge discrepancy between them. The first oviposition dates on the island were all on May 1st, but those in the inland area varied depending on time and seasons. As for the perfect mating season of queen bees, the rates of grafting queen cells were 91% in the first experiment, 96% in the second, and 98% in the third. Meanwhile, the rates of oviposition were 37% in the first, 63% in the second, and 71% in the third, which indicates large differences, depending on maximum temperature and wind speed. The numbers of days needed for the first oviposition were 27 days in the first, 21 days in the second, and 16 days in the third. The later dates of grafting queen cells was getting, the shorter the priod needed for the first oviposition weas. The oviposition dates were all on May 1st, as mentioned above. In conclusion, even though the rate of oviposition on the island was 36% lower than that of the inland area, islands would be better for isolated mating spaces for the purpose of preserving honeybee lineages. According to the findings of these experiments, when islands are used as isolated mating spaces, it is advisable that mating should be done under the following conditions; wind speed less than 1.5m/s, maximum temperature above 20°C and moving hives should be done after April 25th.