This study has examined the influence of leisure constraint on participation motivation and leisure competence of bowling participants aimed at the general population, The conclusion is as follows. First, when it comes to the effect of bowling participants` leisure constraint on participation motivation, all factors of leisure constraint significantly affects pleasure. Also, the factors of physical, temporal and environmental leisure constraint have significant effects on achievement, and the factor s of lack of information, temporal and environmental leisure constraint significantly influence skill improvement and social contact. In addition, consciousness of others, physical, temporal and environmental factors significantly influence condition, and physical factor, a lack of information, temporal and environmental factors have significant impacts on health and physical strength, and the factors of consciousness of others, a lack of information, temporal and environmental leisure constraint have significant effects on external display. Second, regarding the influence of leisure constraint of bowling participants on leisure competence, the factors of physical, temporal and environmental leisure constraint significantly affect physical competence, and consciousness of others, physical, temporal and environmental leisure constraint factors have significant effects on social competence, and all sub-factors of leisure constraint significantly influence cognitive competence.