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After Frantz Fanon and Steve Biko : Post-Apartheid South Africa and the Frustration of the Vision for a New World
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파농과 비코 이후 : 포스트-아파르트헤이트 남아프리카공화국과 좌절된 새로운 세계의 전망

논문 기본 정보

Type
Academic journal
Author
Ha, Sang-Bok (부산대학교)
Journal
Institute of Humanities, Pusan National University Cogito No.80 KCI Accredited Journals
Published
2016.8
Pages
375 - 415 (41page)

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After Frantz Fanon and Steve Biko : Post-Apartheid South Africa and the Frustration of the Vision for a New World
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Abstract· Keywords

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This paper examines how the socio-political issues happened in post-apartheid South Africa after the 1994 transition. Especially, this paper gives careful consideration to the problems that brought about by the members of the ruling elite in the ANC(African National Congress) and the black bourgeoisie from the perspectives of Frantz Fanon and Steve Biko.
One notable idea among many that Fanon and Biko shared is the importance of ‘the people’ who are the main agents of decolonization and black liberation movement. This idea is relevant to the predictions of Fanon and Biko about the corruption and degeneracy of the national government, the national elites, and the national bourgeoisie. Based on this, several important events and programs were turned out to be against the cause of the people. The people were exclusive in the compromise between ANC and White rule of De Klerk, and they did not have the benefit of the political and economic programs of the black government. After all, post-apartheid South Africa made a set of beneficiaries that included some of black leaders, the black elites, and the former ruling whites, and caused serious situation that inflicted pain on the majority of apartheid’s black victims.
Furthermore, the members of the ruling elite did not grow out of old wrong practices that must be watched strictly. They fell back toward old tribal attitudes, organized tribal dictatorship, and used racist propaganda and xenophobic practices in order to maintain power and get some economic advantages. While they won the backing of the black people and then obtained power, they became the black who are whiter than the whites as Fanon and Biko strongly warned. So the leaders and elites in the black government led the black people to be in a more difficult and terrible position than they were.
Therefore, these situations and facts considered, post-apartheid South Africa can be characterized as the modern edition of apartheid, not the beginning of the new world for the people. Not only does this make proof of the failure of creating the new world of equality and freedom, but encourages the black people to raise questions and act in solidarity with the groups of like-minded persons for achieving the human-centric world, not market-centric or capital-centric one.

Contents

국문 초록
1. 들어가며-샤프빌 학살과 같은 비극이 왜 마리카나에서 반복되고 있는가?
2. 흑인 정부의 출발-위로부터의 타협과 민중적 대의의 방기
3. 흑인 정부의 통치-‘인간’적 프로그램의 폐지와 계급적 한계
4. 흑인 정부의 반민중적 퇴행-쇼비니즘과 인종주의의 동원, 그리고 제노포피아
5. 해방된 노예-흑인 엘리트와 부르주아지의 백색화
6. 나가며-‘인간’적 얼굴을 가진 새로운 세계를 향한 또 다른 시작
참고문헌
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UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0101-2017-001-001153160