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자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
저널정보
철학연구회 철학연구 철학연구 제10집
발행연도
1975.12
수록면
17 - 57 (41page)

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The intention of this paper is to elucidate the concepts of fundamentel freedom of Spinoza, Hegel, and Bergson. 1. The metaphysical background of the concept of freedom of Spinoza is the pantheistical monism. According to Spinoza, to be in liberty means to follow the natural necessity which works within the man as his essence. This intelligible nature, the part of which is the nature of man, excludes every kinds of contingence and compulsion. It is allowed only to those who can comprehend the causal necessity and can control the feelings, to enter into the heart of the nature and get the felicity with constancy. 2. To be free means, according to Hegel, not only to be free from the compulsion but also to act positively and develop the essence of the man. By Hegel the distinguished mark of 「Geis」is freedom. The function of 「Geist」expresses itself in the development of freedom. This freedom appears neither in the physical behavior nor in the psychological selection, but in the metaphysical development of the mind. Dialectical method is the key point of Hegel`s philosophy. This freedom explains itself in the dialectical method. Logic, natural philosophy, philosophy of mind are the aspects of the dialectical development of the Being. The freedom falls in the province of the philosophy of mind. 3. The concept of freedom of Bergson differs from those of Spinoza and Hegel in the fact that it is based on the dynamism. In Bergson`s Philosophy freedom means to act and live according to the spontaneity, but not according to the natural necessity and essence. In Bergson there is no everlasting nature which doesn`t undergo a change. The substance of the freedom is the Spontaneity itself, which products and controlls every kind of human conduct indeterminably beyond prevision to meet the situation which changes continuously. The total function of the spontaneity in man is the true freedom of him.

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