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학술연구/단체지원/교육 등 연구자 활동을 지속하도록 DBpia가 지원하고 있어요.
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연구자들이 자신의 연구와 전문성을 널리 알리고, 새로운 협력의 기회를 만들 수 있는 네트워킹 공간이에요.
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In this study, the contamination of urethane track samples with lead (Pb) was investigated, and the previous results of human health risk assessment for Pb in urethane track samples were critically reviewed. Two extraction methods (i.e., acid digestion and ultrasonication) were applied. An acid digested urethane track sample from an elementary school showed the highest Pb concentration of 1,526 mg/kg, which exceeded the guideline of 90 mg/kg. The same sample was ultrasonicated, and the concentration was 1.51 mg/kg. This level is lower than a mean concentration of Pb in soils, suggesting that the exposure of Pb by urethane tracks could not be serious. Since Pb is classified into a non-carcinogen, a Hazard Quotient (HQ) can be calculated based on an Average Daily Dose (ADD) and a Reference Dose (RfD). It was found that the total exposure of Pb could be overestimated by the estimation of hand-to-mouth exposure. Furthermore, a RfD of Pb was not established by the US EPA, and the WHO withdrew a previously established Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake (PTWI).
Therefore, the results of health risk assessment using previous RfD values are quite uncertain to be used for the management of urethane tracks exceeding the concentration guideline. In conclusion, a more systematic approach should be developed to deal with this issue.
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참고문헌 (25)
참고문헌 신청
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry / 2007 / Toxicological profile for lead
D. Song / 2015 / Integrated health risk assessment of heavy metals in Suxian county, South China / International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 12 : 7100
European Committee for Standardization (CEN) / 2013 / Safety of toys - Part 3: Migration of certain elements (EN 71-3)
Integrated Risk Information System / / Lead and compounds (inorganic)
J. K. Gress / 2014 / Assessment of children's exposure to arsenic from CCA-wood staircases at apartment complexes in Florida / Science of the Total Environment 476-477 : 440
D. Song / 2015 / Integrated health risk assessment of heavy metals in Suxian county, South China / International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 12 : 7100
European Committee for Standardization (CEN) / 2013 / Safety of toys - Part 3: Migration of certain elements (EN 71-3)
Integrated Risk Information System / / Lead and compounds (inorganic)
J. K. Gress / 2014 / Assessment of children's exposure to arsenic from CCA-wood staircases at apartment complexes in Florida / Science of the Total Environment 476-477 : 440
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