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The Characteristics of Light Expression by Utilizing Natural Light into Exhibition Space
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전시공간의 자연광 활용에 의한 빛 표현특성

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Type
Academic journal
Author
Journal
한국공간디자인학회 한국공간디자인학회 논문집 한국공간디자인학회 논문집 제10권 제5호 KCI Accredited Journals
Published
2015.1
Pages
139 - 150 (12page)

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The Characteristics of Light Expression by Utilizing Natural Light into Exhibition Space
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(Background and Purpose) Exhibition space has changed in its role and function in response to rapidly developing social changes. With the gradual transformation from a focus on material wealth to a focus on quality of life, more people are looking for comfortable places to relax and relieve fatigue produced by a complex society. Such spaces have evolved into havens for psychological healing and inspiration. Accordingly, findings of this study suggest that utilizing natural light is important in the design of the exhibition space as a place for psychological healing and inspiration. Natural light can be utilized to produce a comfortable and pleasant environment, with absolute light from the sun as its source for human body rhythms. Natural light is characterized by ever-changing temporality, which can be utilized as the important factor for providing a new atmosphere in an exhibition space that is environmentally friendly. (Method) Through general considerations of natural light and exhibition space, the necessity and role of natural light in exhibition spaces was examined; thus, the relationship between natural light and spatial composition was studied to describe the characteristics of light. An example of utilization of natural light for an exhibition space was found in Peter Zumthor’s Kolumba Museum, which considers light as an architectural language; accordingly, a case study was conducted and the findings were used to present methods for applying the same principles for exhibition spaces. (Results) The characteristics of natural light are classified into brightness, color, and height; furthermore, temporality is caused by the changes in these three characteristics. The psychological emotion that we feel from exposure to light differs depending on the state of light; natural light appears in more varied ways in space through interactions with factors related to spatial composition. Characteristics of light expression in space are sub-classified as expandability, limitation, transparency, immateriality, and directivity, and the utilization of these can be expressed differently depending on the intentions for a space. The Kolumba Museum was planned to feature each spatial characteristic by utilizing these characteristics intentionally. The museum is intended to be a psychological space that influences emotions by allowing visitors to experience various states of light over time, thereby inducing experiences and memories from exposure to natural light in an open structure designed as an exhibition space. (Conclusion) Natural light in an exhibition space is produced with regard to the characteristics of space depending on the utilization method. In an exhibition space, natural light plays a physical role in creating a visual environment with various changes in the state of light depending on the temporality of natural light; thus, natural light has a psychological role because it induces psychological/emotional changes in humans. Natural light influences the general relationship between an exhibition space and the audience; further, it is an important mediating factor in communication between them. Through this study, it is hoped that the importance of natural light in an exhibition space is recognized and that its range of utilization can become wider with subsequent in-depth studies.

(연구배경 및 목적) 최근 전시공간은 급속도로 발전한 사회의 변화에 반응하면서 그 역할과 기능이 변화되었다. 급속도로 발전한 사회에서 물질적인 풍요 대신 질적인 삶을 추구하게 되고 복잡한 사회 속에 오는 피로감을 해소시켜주는 정신적인 여유를 찾는 사람들의 증가로 정신적 힐링과 영감을 주는 공간의 개념으로 진화하게 되었다. 이에 본 연구는 전시공간에서 정신적 힐링과 영감의 공간을 위한 방법의 일환으로 자연광을 제안하고자 한다. 자연광의 이론적 고찰을 통해 전시공간에서 활용할 수 있는 빛의 표현특성을 파악하고 그것을 활용한 공간이 인간의 심리적인 감정에 영향을 줄 수 있음을 확인하고 전시공간에서 자연광의 중요성을 밝히는 것이 목적이다. (연구방법) 자연광과 전시공간의 이론적 고찰을 통해 전시공간에서의 자연광의 필요성과 자연광의 특성을 살펴보고 이를 바탕으로 자연광과 공간구성요소와의 관계성을 연구하여 빛 표현특성을 도출한다. 이를 전시공간에서 자연광 활용의 사례로 빛을 건축언어로 고민하는 페터 춤토르의 콜롬바 뮤지엄에 대입하여 사례분석하고 분석 결과를 토대로 전시공간의 자연광 활용방법을 제언하고자 한다.(결과) 자연광의 특성은 빛의 밝기, 빛의 색, 빛의 높이로 구분되며 이 세 가지 특성의 변화에 의해 시간성을 가진다. 빛의 상태에 따라 우리가 느끼는 심리적인 감정도 다르며 공간에서 자연광은 공간구성요소와의 상호작용을 통해 더욱 다양하게 나타난다. 공간에서 빛 표현특성은 확장성, 한정성, 투명성, 비물질성, 방향성으로 분류되고 이의 활용은 공간 의도에 따라 구분하여 표현할 수 있다. 페터 춤토르의 콜롬바 뮤지엄은 빛 표현특성을 의도적으로 활용하면서 각각의 공간특성을 가지도록 계획하였다. 이는 전시공간의 시환경 조성과 더불어 오픈된 구조를 통해 자연광을 많이 접하는 기회를 제공하면서 시간흐름에 따른 다양한 빛의 상태를 경험하게 하고 이를 통해 빛에 대한 경험과 기억을 유도하여 감정에 영향을 주는 심리적인 공간으로 조성하였다. (결론) 전시공간에서 자연광은 활용방법에 따라 공간의 성격이 다르게 연출된다. 전시공간에서 자연광은 시환경을 조성하는 물리적 역할 뿐 아니라 자연광의 시간성에 따른 빛의 다양한 상태 변화는 인간의 감정상태 변화를 유도하면서 심리적 역할로도 활용된다. 자연광은 전시공간과 관람객 전반에 영향을 미치며 상호소통에 중요한 매개 역할로 활용된다. 이 연구를 바탕으로 전시공간에서 자연광의 중요성이 인식되어 활용범위가 넓어지길 바라며 향후 심도있는 후속 연구들이 진행되었으면 하는 바이다.
#전시공간 #자연광 #공간구성요소 #빛 표현특성 #콜롬바 뮤지엄 #Exhibition space #Natural light #Spatial composition factor #Light expression characteristics #Kolumba Museum

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Kim, Hongbum / 2004 / Museum and art gallery exhibition lighting / Capressn hyundaegunchuksa google schola Nakajima Tatsuoki / 2009 / Yekyoung / Hankuk Press google schola Zumthor, Peter / 2013 / Namu Thinking / Hankuk Press google schola 吳惠京 / 1988 / 自然光을 導入한 美術館計劃에 關한 硏究 / 석사 / 弘益大學校 環境大學院 google schola 고광용 / 2003 / 지각적 측면으로 접근한 빛의 연출방식에 관한 연구 : 일본 현대 실내공간을 중심으로 / 석사 / 건국대학교 건축전문대학원 google schola

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