본 연구는 농구 전술 상황에서 공격자의 숙련성과 환경시 범위에 따른 시각탐색과 지각한 시각 초점 영역및 의사결정 능력의 차이를 규명하는데 목적이 있다. 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위해 스포츠 과학 분야에서 새롭게 적용 가능한 무빙 윈도우 기법을 활용하여 연구를 진행하였다. 연구 대상은 숙련된 가드 8명, 숙련된 센터8명, 초보자 8명 총 24명이 실험에 참가 하였다. 실험 과제는 연구 목적에 따라 두 가지를 수행하였는데 피험자들은 안구 움직임 추적 장치를 착용하고 세 가지 조건으로 환경시 범위 크기를 조절한 농구 전술 동영상을보고 과제를 수행하였다. 공격자의 숙련성과 환경시 범위에 따른 시각탐색 전략, 지각한 시각 초점 영역, 그리고 의사결정 능력의 차이를 알아보기 위해 반복측정 이원분산분석을 실시하였고, 각 독립변인간 상호작용이발생한 경우, 각 독립변인에 대한 주효과를 알아보기 위해 각 수준별 일원분산분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과는다음과 같다. 첫째, 숙련자는 초보자보다 의사결정 정확성이 높고, 속도가 빠른 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 시각탐색에 대한 결과에서는 환경시 범위가 커질수록 숙련자는 초보자보다 낮은 시각 탐색률을 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 실제로 지각한 시각-초점 영역에 대한 결과에서 초보자는 환경시 범위에 관계없이 주로 하나의시각단서에 주의를 집중하는 반면에, 숙련자는 한번에 여러 시각단서에 주의를 집중하는 것으로 나타났다
The purpose of this research was to investigate the difference in decision making and perceived eye-focus location on peripheral vision and attacker's expertise in basketball tactical game. A total of twenty four subjects who were expert guard players (n=8), expert basketball center players (n=8), and novices (n=8), participated in this experiment. All subjects participated two tasks. The first task was to anticipate the attack direction after viewing a sequence of basketball tactic film. These films simulated three situations including offensive patterns. The three situations were consist of 3, 6, 9 degree peripheral vision. The second task was to express the level of confidence on their anticipation and to verbalize the perceived visual cues immediately after responding. For this research, an Eyelink eye movement system, an equipment for measuring anticipating, basketball tactic film were used. The variables on anticipation of attack direction were speed, accuracy, and the level of confidence. The acquiring process of advanced visual cues was examined through analyzing visual search strategies and perceived eye-focus location. In order to examine the difference in visual search, in decision making, and in perceived eye-focus locations as a function of expertise, data were analyzed through descriptive statistics, two-way ANOVA, and two-way MANOVA. This research had the following results. First, there was a significant difference on the search rate among the three groups. But, on the other hand, expert guard and center exhibited more fixations of shorter duration than the novices in the 6 and 9 degree condition. Second, results from the ratio of fixation time allotted to areas in the 3 degree condition revealed that experts spent more time fixating the ball-attacker(BA) than novices. The results from the ratio of fixation time allotted to areas in the 6 and 9 degree condition revealed that expert guard and center spent more time fixating the non-ball attacker(NBA) than novices. Expert guard also fixated longer on the pass attacker(PA) and meaning space(MS) than novices. Finally, experts paid attention to two or three locations simultaneously, whereas novices did to only one location such as the ball, attacker, defender, non-meaning space in all condition.