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We found previously that dietary high fat causedobesity, and levan supplementation to the regular diet reducedadiposity and serum lipids. In the present study, we examinedthe effects of levan [high-molecular-mass β-(2,6)-linkedfructose polymer] supplement on the development of obesityand lipid metabolism in rats fed with high-fat diet. Thus, todetermine whether the dietary levan may have the antiobesityand hypolipidemic effects, 4-wk-old Sprague Dawleymale rats were fed with high-fat diet for 6 wk to induceobesity, and subsequently fed with 0, 1, 5, or 10% levansupplemented high-fat diets (w/w) for another 4 wk. For thecomparison, a normal control group was fed with AIN-76Adiet. Supplementation with levan resulted in a significantreduction of high-fat-induced body weight gain, white fat (i.e.,epididymal, visceral, and peritoneal fat) development, adipocytehypertrophy, and the development of hyperinsulinemia andhyperlipidemia in a dose-dependent manner. Serum triglycerideand free fatty acid levels were greatly reduced by levansupplementation. Serum total cholesterol level was reduced,whereas the HDL cholesterol level was increased by dietarylevan. The expression of uncoupling protein (UCP) wasincreased by dietary high fat, and was further induced bylevan supplementation. The mRNA level of UCP1, 2, and 3 inbrown adipose tissue (BAT) and UCP3 in skeletal muscle wasupregulated in rats fed with dietary levan. In conclusion,upregulated UCP mRNA expression may contribute tosuppression of development of obesity through increasedenergy expenditure. The present results suggest that levansupplementation to the diet is beneficial in suppressing dietinducedobesity and hyperlipidemia.

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