Pathogenesis of Human Norovirus Genogroup II Genotype 4 in Post- Weaning Gnotobiotic Pigs

Byung-Joo Park; Jung soontak; 최창순; Jinjong Myoung; Ahn Heeseop; Han Sanghoon; 김용현; Go Hyeon Jeong; Lee Joong Bok; Park Seung Yong; Song Chang-Seon; 이상원; In-Soo Choi

Pathogenesis of Human Norovirus Genogroup II Genotype 4 in Post- Weaning Gnotobiotic Pigs

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Type: Academic journal

Author: Byung-Joo Park Jung soontak 최창순 Jinjong Myoung Ahn Heeseop Han Sanghoon 김용현 Go Hyeon Jeong Lee Joong Bok Park Seung Yong Song Chang-Seon 이상원 In-Soo Choi

Journal: 한국미생물생명공학회 Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 제28권 제12호 KCI Accredited Journals SCOPUS

Published: 2018.1

Pages: 2,133 - 2,140 (8page)

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Pathogenesis of Human Norovirus Genogroup II Genotype 4 in Post- Weaning Gnotobiotic Pigs

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Norovirus is the most common cause of acute gastroenteritis. Its pathogenesis is poorly understood owing to the difficulty of establishing viral infection in animal models. Here, postweaning gnotobiotic pigs were infected with human norovirus genogroup II genotype 4 (HuNoV GII.4) to investigate the pathogenesis and replication of the virus. Three groups of four pigs were infected with 1 × 105, 1 × 106, or 1 × 107 genomic equivalent (GE) copies of HuNoV GII.4. Four pigs were used as negative controls. Blood and rectal swab samples were collected after viral infection, and gross legions were examined after necropsy. Diarrhea was induced in 25% and 75% of pigs infected with 1 × 106 and 1 × 107 GE copies, respectively. Viral shedding was detected in 50%, 75%, and 50% of pigs infected with 1 × 105, 1 × 106, and 1 × 107 GE copies, respectively. Viremia was detected in 25% of pigs infected with either 1 × 106 or 1 × 107 GE copies. When gross lesions of gastroenteritis were investigated, the ileum walls of the infected pigs were thinner than those of the controls. Villi atrophy and inflammatory cell infiltration were identified in the ileum of each infected pig. Viral capsid was identified in the jejunum, ileum, colon, spleen, and mesenteric lymph node. Virus replication was newly verified in the spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes by detection of negative-sense viral RNA. In conclusion, HuNoV GII.4 could induce acute gastroenteritis and replicate in the extraintestinal lymphoid tissues in post-weaning gnotobiotic pigs. Therefore, such pigs would be a suitable animal model for studying the pathogenesis and replication of HuNoV

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