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Can Artificial Intelligence become an Agent Like a Human Being?

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인공지능이 인간 같은 행위자가 될 수 있나?

Type: Academic journal

Author: Kyungsuk Choi (이화여자대학교)

Journal: The Korean Bioethics Association Journal of the Korean Bioethics Association Vol.21 No.1 KCI Accredited Journals

Published: 2020.6

Pages: 71 - 85 (15page)

DOI: 10.37305/JKBA.2020.06.21.1.71

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Can Artificial Intelligence become an Agent Like a Human Being?

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This paper aims to clarify the ontological status of artificial intelligence and features of human intelligence by dealing with the difference between them. Recently, as AlphaGo shows, artificial intelligence has the network of computers and adopts deep learning technology with big data. Further, artificial intelligence is introduced to the scope of emotion as well as to that of calculation. However, artificial intelligence just imitates human emotion because subjectivity and holistic personality of emotion exposer must be presupposed and because emotion plays a role with authenticity. the function of human brain is to make a human being survive. Human intelligence can be defined as a problem-solving capacity for survival. Thus, artificial intelligence is not the same as human intelligence. In order for artificial intelligence to be an human intelligence, it uses its intelligence for its problem-solving for survival. But it is hard to say that artificial intelligence has a desire to survive. In addition, it is also hard to say that artificial intelligence has or will have self-awareness like human being’s. Human self-awareness is a very high level of intelligence activity in which a human being recognizes one’s finitude as a biological organism and one’s self identity as well as otherness through the cooperation with others. The difference between artificial intelligence and human one leads us to think that an artificial intelligence cannot become an agent with intention and not even moral agent. The attitude or project to consider artificial intelligence to be an human intelligence is only to show that there are big differences between them.

이 글은 인공지능과 인간 지능의 차이가 무엇인지 논의함으로써 인공지능의 존재론적 지위와 인간의 특징이 무엇인지 밝히고자 한다. 최근 알파고의 등장에서처럼 인공지능은 컴퓨터가 상호 연계되며 빅데이터 기술과 딥 러닝 기술까지 포함하는 형태로 발전하였고 계산의 영역뿐만 아니라 감성의 영역까지 포함하는 것으로 발전하고 있다. 그러나 인공지능은 인간의 감성을 흉내낼 뿐이다. 왜냐하면 감정이나 정서의 영역은 진정성이 중요하게 작동하는 영역으로서 감정을 표출하는 자의 주체성과 총체적 인격성이 전제되어야 하기 때문이다. 또한 인간의 뇌가 수행한 기능은 생존을 위한 것이다. 지능 역시 생존을 위한 문제해결능력으로 정의될 수 있다. 이런 점에서 인공지능은 진정한 지능이라 여길 수 없다. 인공지능이 인간과 같은 진정한 지능을 갖추기 위해서는 인공지능이 자신이 처한 환경에서 생존하려는 문제해결능력의 발휘로서 지능을 사용해야 하기 때문이다. 그러나 인공지능이 생존하려는 욕구를 지니고 있다고 판단하기는 아직 이르다. 게다가 인공지능이 인간과 같은 자의식이라는 고도의 지능을 지니고 있다거나 지닐 것이라고 보기도 어렵다. 인간의 자의식은 생물체로서의 유한성을 인식하고 다른 인간과의 연대와 협력을 통해 자아정체성과 함께 타자성을 인식하는 매우 고차원적인 지능 활동이다. 이와 같이 인간 지능과 인공지능의 차이는 인공지능이 의도를 지닌 행위자로 인식되기 어렵다는 판단에 이르게 하며, 도덕적 행위자로 인식되기는 더욱 어렵다고 본다. 인공지능을 인간처럼 여기는 태도나 기획은 오히려 인간이 인공지능과 어떻게 다른지를 보여주고 있다.

#인공지능 #인간 지능 #진정성 #행위자 #정체성 #자의식 #artificial intelligence #human intelligence #authenticity #agent #identity #self-awareness

Contents

국문초록
1. 머리말
2. 인공지능기술의 변천
3. 인공지능과 인간 뇌의 기능
4. 인공지능의 존재론적 지위와 인간의 특성
5. 맺음말
Abstract

References (14)

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[정면인터뷰] “이세돌 9단, 알파고에 대망의 첫 승... 과연 불공정한 경기인가?“

이상형 / 2016 / 윤리적 인공지능은 가능한가? - 인공지능의 도덕적, 법적 책임 문제 - / 법과정책연구 16(4):283~303

'쎈돌’ 24년 바둑인생, 프로 활동을 마치며(이세돌)│김어준의 뉴스공장

Jaegwon Kim / 1996 / Philosophy of Mind / Westview

임영익 / 인공지능 판사와 프레디쿠스

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최경석

Affiliation 이화여자대학교

Fields Interdisciplinary Studies > Interdisciplinary Research TOP 0.5% Humanities > Philosophy > General Philosophy

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UCI(KEPA) : I410-ECN-0101-2020-190-000861642