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논문 기본 정보

자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
Lee Wonhye (Department of Radiology Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA.) Weisholtz Daniel S. (Department of Neurology Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA.) Strangman Gary E. (Neural Systems Group Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Charlestown MA USA.Cente) Yoo Seung-Schik (Department of Radiology Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA.)
저널정보
대한뇌신경재활학회 뇌신경재활 뇌신경재활 제14권 제1호
발행연도
2021.1
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1 - 16 (16page)

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Ultrasound is an important theragnostic modality in modern medicine. Technical advancement of both acoustic focusing and transcranial delivery have enabled administration of ultrasound waves to localized brain areas with few millimeters of spatial specificity and penetration depth sufficient to reach the thalamus. Transcranial focused ultrasound (tFUS) given at a low acoustic intensity has been shown to increase or suppress the excitability of region-specific brain areas. The neuromodulatory effects can outlast the sonication, suggesting the possibility of inducing neural plasticity needed for neurorehabilitation. Increasing numbers of studies have shown the efficacy and excellent safety profile of the technique, yet comparisons among the safety-related parameters have not been compiled. This review aims to provide safety information and perspectives of tFUS brain stimulation. First, the acoustic parameters most relevant to thermal/mechanical tissue damage are discussed along with regulated parameters for existing ultrasound therapies/diagnostic imaging. Subsequently, the parameters used in studies of large animals, non-human primates, and humans are surveyed and summarized in terms of the acoustic intensity and the mechanical index. The pulse-mode operation and the use of low ultrasound frequency for tFUS-mediated brain stimulation warrant the establishment of new safety guidelines/recommendations for the use of the technique among healthy volunteers, with additional cautionary requirements for its clinical translation.

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