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Foucault and Discourse on Suicide in Our Times: With Reference to Medicalisation of Suicide
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푸코와 우리 시대의 자살담론 —자살의 '의료화'와 관련하여

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Type
Academic journal
Author
Eunyoung Hong (고려대학교)
Journal
고려대학교 철학연구소 철학연구 철학연구 제54호 KCI Accredited Journals
Published
2016.1
Pages
71 - 110 (40page)

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Foucault and Discourse on Suicide in Our Times: With Reference to Medicalisation of Suicide
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In this paper I would like to show that discourse on suicide and its prevention in our times, built on psychiatric knowledge and practice, is constructed by social and cultural environment, and then to examine the truth effects of suicide discourse on individuals, groups and the whole society. Since discourse on suicide and its prevention has been dominated by psycho-pathological perspective, other perspectives have been marginalized. In this dominant perspective suicide and related problems are conceived as having something to do with disease or pathology, so medical point of view gains authority in a society and medicalization of suicide prevails. What I want to do in this paper is to identify the theoretical and practical limits and shortcomings of discourse based on the dominant perspective and, then, to find out, hopefully, possibility of alternatives to the dominant perspective. To attain this research objective I take historical approach through discourse analysis, which is one of famous Michel Foucault’s major approaches. Especially, utilizing historical materials analyzed in Ian Marsh’s Suicide, I examine differing attitude toward suicide and differing regime of truth on suicide in different historical times. By indicating that the dominant understanding of suicide is just one of historical forms of suicide, I show a particular understanding of suicide is dominant in particular historical times and particular socio-cultural settings. So we can go beyond the limits of dominant discourse on suicide in our times, which is culturally and socially bound, and open new horizon for a new critical way of thinking on suicide.

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