본 연구는 음주운전에 영향을 미치는 성격요인, 환경요인, 인지요인, 행동여인 등이 음주운전자와 일반운전자들에게서 어떤 차이를 보이는지 살펴보았다. 그 결과, 음주운전자들이 일반운전자들보다 더 충동적이고, 주위 사람들이 음주운전에 대해 더 안일한 태도를 보였으며, 음주운전의 위험성을 지각하고는 있지만 간과하는 경향이 높고, 평균주량 및 술을 마시는 빈도 등이 높아 알콜 중독자가 더 많이 나타났다. 또한 음주운전자 중 알코올 중독자와 비중독자를 분류하여 음주운전에 영향을 미치는 요인에 대한 집단간 차이를 살펴본 결과 알콜 중독인 음주운전자가 성격, 환경, 인지, 행동요인의 측면에서 더 심각한 문제를 보이고 있었다. 그리고 음주운전에 영향을 미치는 요인들 중 반사회적 행동이 음주운전에 대한 가장 강력한 예언변인이었으며, 이외에도 음주빈도, 교육수준, 주위 사람들의 음주운전 모델, 음주운전으로 인해 나타나는 사고나 적발 가능성에 대한 인지, 알코올 중독정도 등이 음주운전에 대해 유의미하게 설명하고 있는 변인들로 나타났다. 마지막으로 음주운전의 예방방안과 심리학적 측면에서의 대책마련에 대해 논의하였다.
The purpose of the study is to find out the psychological characteristics of drunk drivers and alcoholic drunk drivers and the seriousness of drinking driving, and thus to make a effective reducing plan and to develop an effective remedial program for the drunk drivers. The ANCOVA was performed to test hypothesis about the personality characteristics, the perceived environments, and the cognitive and behavioral factors, controling the demographic variables. The results of the study are as follows: First, the drunk drivers tend to be more careless and impulsive, and showed problematic drinking and deviant behaviors than the non-drunk drivers. They reported that their peers also had a more neglected attitudes about drinking driving than those of the non-dunk drivers. Second, the 72.7% of drunk drivers were classified as alcoholic based on MAST. Third, non-drunk drivers, non-alcoholic drunk drivers, alcoholic drunk drivers were evaluated based on personality traits, perceived environment, cognitive, factors, on behavioral factors. The results demonstrated that the alcoholic drunk drivers tend to be more impulsive, deviant, isolated, sarcastic, independent-minded than non-alcoholic drivers. Alcoholic drunk driver`s peers tended to ignore the risky consequences of drinking driving, and did frequently drinking driving. In addition, the alcoholic drunk drivers tend to exhibit a very serious problematic drinking behaviors, and showed antisocial behaviors such as traffic violations. Finally, The step-wise regression analysis demonstrated that the deviant behaviors such as traffic violation was the most important variable explaining and related to drinking driving. The problematic drinking, peer`s attitudes about drinking driving, perceived possibility of having an accident and being arrested for drinking driving were significant variables explaining for drinking driving. According to the results, the development of effective remedial education program designed to deal with drunk drivers is very important and necessary as well as a legal and institutional preparation.