장롱(欌籠)은 전통한옥에서 빼 놓을 수 없는 생활 필수품으로 이를 제작하는 장인을 소목장(小木匠)이라 불러 집을 짓는 대목장(大木匠)과 분류하였다. 장롱은 조선시대부터 유행하기 시작하였고 혼수용품으로 잘 만들어진 장롱은 부의 상징이기도 하였다.
옛부터 전통한옥이 잘 보존되어 전승되어오는 전북 전주에는 전주장(全州欌)이라는 소목장이 그 맥을 이어오고 있었지만 근대기를 거치면서 점차 사라지기 시작하였다.
본 논문에서는 그 기법이 사라져가는 전주장에 나타난 제작기법을 연구하기 위하여 2가지 유형(골주형 2층버선장, 널판형 2층태극장)의 원형을 찾아 실측도면을 작성하고 전통도구에 의한 치목방법을 병행하면서 그 특징적인 기법을 연구하였다.
연구 결과에 의하면 전주장에 사용된 나무는 주로 참죽나무, 오동나무, 홍송(고재의 붉은색 계통 잣나무)이었으며 그 외부 형태는 판자가 위주인 널판형과 기둥을 세운 골주형으로 분류되었다. 이들 장에는 전통가구제작에서 많이 사용되는 기법인 연귀짜임, 주먹장짜임, 제비촉짜임 등이 사용되었고 문짝은 여닫이와 반닫이로 하나의 장에 2가지 기능을 나타내고 여러 형태의 철물을 부착하여 아름다움을 표현하였다장의 제작에는 전통도구인 대패 등 깍아내기 연장, 끌 등 홈파기 연장, 망치 등 때리기연장, 송곳 등 구멍뚫기연장, 칼 등 문양파기연장, 줄 등 갈아내기 연장 등 각 기능에 맞는 50여 점의 도구가 사용되었다.
Jangrong(欌籠) is an indispensable daily necessity in traditional Hanok, and the craftsman who made it was called Somok, who were distinguished from the house-building carpenters Daemok. The wardrobe, which has been popular since the Joseon Dynasty, was a well-made wardrobe and was also a symbol of wealth. Jeonjujang Jeonjujang is a wardrobe made in jeonju style existed in Jeonju, North Jeolla Province, where traditional Hanok was well preserved and passed down, and it was handed down by Somok, but it gradually began to disappear through the modern period.
Jangrong(欌籠) is an indispensable daily necessity in traditional Hanok, and the craftsman who made it was called Somok, who were distinguished from the house-building carpenters Daemok. The wardrobe, which has been popular since the Joseon Dynasty, was a well-made wardrobe and was also a symbol of wealth. Jeonjujang Jeonjujang is a wardrobe made in jeonju style existed in Jeonju, North Jeolla Province, where traditional Hanok was well preserved and passed down, and it was handed down by Somok, but it gradually began to disappear through the modern period.
In this research, in order to study the manufacturing techniques shown in the Jeonjujang, two types of prototypes (goljustyle two-tier Beoseonjang and nulpanstyle two-tier Taeguekjang) were measured, and actual measurement drawings were conducted. In addition, the characteristic technique was studied while examining the manufacturing method using traditional tools.
According to the results, the wood used for the Jeonjujang was mainly Toona Sinensis, paulownia, and red pine, and the external shape was classified into a plank type mainly made of boards and a frame type with columns. In these wardrobes, techniques co㎜only used in traditional windows and doors such as Yeongwi zzaim, Jumeok zzaim, Jebichok zzaim, etc were used. The doors were hinged or half of one side hinged, showing two functions in one wardrobe, and various types of steel decorations were attached to express beauty. For the manufacturing of a wardrobe, more than 50 tools were used, such as a traditional planer for cutting out timber, a chisel for digging, a ha㎜er for striking, an awl for drilling holes, a knife for carving patterns, and a file for grinding, etc.
In this research, in order to study the manufacturing techniques shown in the Jeonjujang, two types of prototypes (goljustyle two-tier Beoseonjang and nulpanstyle two-tier Taeguekjang) were measured, and actual measurement drawings were conducted. In addition, the characteristic technique was studied while examining the manufacturing method using traditional tools.
According to the results, the wood used for the Jeonjujang was mainly Toona Sinensis, paulownia, and red pine, and the external shape was classified into a plank type mainly made of boards and a frame type with columns. In these wardrobes, techniques co㎜only used in traditional windows and doors such as Yeongwi zzaim, Jumeok zzaim, Jebichok zzaim, etc were used. The doors were hinged or half of one side hinged, showing two functions in one wardrobe, and various types of steel decorations were attached to express beauty. For the manufacturing of a wardrobe, more than 50 tools were used, such as a traditional planer for cutting out timber, a chisel for digging, a ha㎜er for striking, an awl for drilling holes, a knife for carving patterns, and a file for grinding, etc.
