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According to domestic population movement statistics (2022) provided by Statistics Korea, among the total number of people moving in 2021, 4,766,000 people moved within cities and provinces, and 2,447,000 people moved between cities and provinces. The total domestic population mobility rate (number of people moving per 100 people) was 14.1% (9.3% within cities and provinces, 4.8% between cities and provinces), a 1% decrease from the previous year, and even considering the differences in size of administrative districts by country, the total population mobility rate in the United States (2021) It can be seen that this figure is quite high compared to Japan"s total population mobility rate (8.2% in 2020) and Japan"s total population mobility rate (3.9% in 2020). In Korea, the population of local residents is moving and changing due to various reasons such as rapid industrial changes, search for quality jobs, living convenience facilities, and real estate market, and the importance of local governments" population policies in response to social changes is being emphasized to solve this problem. This is the situation. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to identify influential factors to increase the habitability of local residents in a situation where the population continues to decrease. The number of research samples used in this study was 3,353, and empirical analysis was conducted using the SPSS statistical program. As a result of the analysis, first, among the community characteristics, single-person households" housing satisfaction was found to have a positive effect on their sense of settlement, while education satisfaction, transportation satisfaction, and job satisfaction were found to have no significant effect. Second, among community characteristics, it was found that housing satisfaction and job satisfaction of multi-person households had a positive effect on the sense of settlement, while satisfaction with education and satisfaction with transportation did not have a significant effect. Third, among community characteristics, satisfaction with education and satisfaction with transportation were identified as variables that did not have a positive effect on the sense of settlement.
통계청에서 제공한 국내 인구이동통계(2022)에 따르면 2021년 총 이동자 중 시도 내 이동자는 4,766,000명, 시도 간 이동자는 2,447,000명으로 나타났다. 국내 총 인구이동률(인구 백 명당 이동자 수)은 14.1%(시도 내 9.3%, 시도 간 4.8%)로 전년대비 1% 감소하였으며, 국가별 행정구역 단위의 규모 차이를 감안하더라도 미국 총 인구이동률(2021년 8.2%), 일본 총 인구이동률(2020년 3.9%)과 비교했을 때 상당히 높은 수치임을 알 수 있다. 이처럼 한국은 급격한 산업의 변화, 양질의 일자리 탐색, 생활 편의시설, 부동산 경기 등 여러 이유로 지역민의 인구 이동 및 변화가 이루어지고 있으며, 이를 해결하기 위한 사회 변화에 대응하는 지자체의 인구정책 중요성이 강조되고 있는 실정이다. 이에 본 연구는 인구가 계속 줄어들고 있는 상황에서 지역민의 정주성을 높이기 위한 영향 요인을 규명하는 데 목적이 있다. 본 연구에서 활용한 연구 표본 수는 3,353부이며, SPSS 통계 프로그램을 활용하여 실증 분석을 실시하였다. 분석 결과, 첫째, 지역사회 특성 중 1인 가구의 주거 만족도는 정주의식에 긍정적인 영향을 미치고, 교육 만족도, 교통 만족도, 직무 만족도는 유의한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 파악되었다. 둘째, 지역사회 특성 중 다인 가구의 주거 만족도와 직무 만족도는 정주의식에 긍정적인 영향을 미치고, 교육 만족도, 교통 만족도는 유의한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 파악되었다. 셋째, 지역사회 특성 중 교육 만족도와 교통 만족도는 정주의식에 긍정적인 영향을 주지 않는 변수로 확인되었다.
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