양주대모산성은 경기도 양주시 백석읍 일대의 대모산(해발 213m) 정상부에 조성된 테뫼식 석축산성으로 현재 확인되는 성벽은 7세기 이후 통일신라시대에 축조된 것으로 판단된다. 목간이 출토된 원형집수시설은 산성 내 상단부에서 확인되었으며, 2023년 실시한 양주대모산성 13차 발굴조사를 통해 조사되었다. 원형집수시설은 조사지역의 평탄대지에 위치하는데 평면형태는 원형으로 4단 이상의 석축을 계단식으로 축조하였다. 바닥면은 박석시설되어 있고, 벽체는 장방형 혹은 세장방형으로 치석된 석재를 종평적하여 바른층쌓기하여 조성하였다. 목간은 바닥면에서 가까운 최하층의 점토층에서 확인되었다. 출토양상으로 보아 목간은 원형집수시설의 축조가 완료되고 물이 채워진 상태로 준설되어 사용되던 시점에 인위적으로 던져서 입수된 것으로 추정된다. 원형집수시설의 목간 외 출토유물은 퇴적된 내부토에서 매몰된 석재들과 함께 통일신라시대(9~10C)의 기와가 다량 확인되었고, 목간이 출토된 최하층에서는 경질토기류와 함께 다양한 목기류가 공반되었다. 목기류는 가공된 건축자재 혹은 절구공이 등 생활도구의 일부로 추정되며, 약 30㎝ 크기의 배모양도 같이 출토된 것이 특징적이다. 출토된 목간은 길이 30.8㎝, 너비 6.13㎝, 두께 8.05~5.19㎝의 크기로 원통형 목재를 사용하였다. 종방향으로 총 8개의 면을 깎아내었으며, 목간의 상부와 하부에도 모를 줄여가면서 면을 다듬은 흔적이 확인된다. 목간의 구성은 대칭되는 8개의 면에 사람모양 그림 1면, 7개의 면에 8행의 묵서, 공란의 1개면으로 구성되어 있다. 글자수는 총 123자 이상으로 한국목간학회와 함께 진행한 2차례의 판독 결과, ‘政開三年丙子四月九日’, ‘辛亥歲卄六茂登’ 등 절대연대 확인이 가능한 기록이 확인되었으며, 의례행위와 관련된 내용도 일부 판독이 되고 있다. 향후 추가적인 판독과 내용 검토를 통해 목간이 출토된 원형집수시설의 용도와 유구가 위치한 산성 내 상단부의 공간구성 성격파악도 보완될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.
Yangju Daemosanseong Fortress is a Teme-style stone fortress built on the top of Daemosan Mountain (elevation 213m) in Baekseok-eup, Yangju-si, Gyeonggi-do. The walls that are currently identified are believed to have been built during the Unified Silla period after the 7th century. The circular water collection facility where the wooden tablet was excavated was identified at the upper part of the fortress, and was investigated through the 13th excavation survey of Yangju Daemosanseong Fortress conducted in 2023. The circular water collection facility is located on a flat land in the survey area, and its plan is circular, with four or more levels of stonework built in a stepped manner. The floor is made of thin stone, and the walls are made of rectangular or elongated stones, laid vertically and horizontally in proper layers. Wooden Document were identified in the lowest clay layer close to the floor. Judging from the excavation pattern, it is presumed that the wooden Document was obtained by artificially throwing it when the construction of the circular water collection facility was completed and dredged and used in a state filled with water. Excavated artifacts other than the wooden Document from the circular water collection facility were found to contain a large number of roof tiles from the Unified Silla period (9~10C) along with stones buried in the deposited interior soil, and in the lowest layer where the wooden Document were excavated, various wooden tools were found along with hard earthenware. It has been done. The wooden utensils are presumed to be part of processed building materials or household tools such as mortars, and it is characteristic that a ship model measuring about 30cm was also excavated. The excavated wooden Document was made of cylindrical wood, measuring 30.8 ㎝ in length, 6.13 ㎝ in width, and 8.05 to 5.19 ㎝ in thickness. A total of eight sides were carved out in the longitudinal direction, and traces of the sides being trimmed while reducing the edges can be seen on the top and bottom of the wooden frame. The composition of the wooden Document consists of one side with a human figure on eight symmetrical sides, eight lines of ink writing on seven sides, and one blank side. The total number of characters is more than 123, and as a result of two readings conducted together with the The Korean Society for the Study of Wooden Documents, records that can be confirmed with absolute dates, such as ‘政開三年丙子四月九日’ and ‘辛亥歲卄六茂登’, were confirmed. and some of the contents related to ritual activities are also being interpreted. In the future, through additional reading and review of contents, it is expected that the purpose of the circular water collection facility where the wooden Document was excavated and the nature of the spatial composition of the upper part of the fortress where the remains are located will be supplemented.