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Nitrogen (N) is an essential element for crop growth, thus appropriate N fertilization strategy is required to enhance productivity while minimizing the losses from the arable soils. Urea (U) and ammonium sulfate (AS) can provide available soil N at different rates during cultivation due to their differential solubility, affecting plant uptake and soil properties. Co-application of U and AS may improve the efficiency of individual fertilizers, but its effects on crop yield and the related environmental properties have not been systematically studied. This study evaluated the impact of co-application of U and AS on Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis) productivity by investigating N use efficiency (NUE), growth characteristics, and soil properties in a pot experiment. The experiment included four treatments: three N fertilization regimes with an equivalent N rate under the recommended fertilization rate (U alone, AS alone, and Urea+AS co-application at a 1:1 ratio), and a control treatment without N fertilizer (PK treatment). Results showed that co-application significantly increased cabbage productivity, with yield improvements of 30 - 56% compared to single N fertilizer applications. Productivity enhancement was strongly correlated with increased N uptake, NUE, and inorganic N availability in soils at the harvesting. The findings indicate that co-application may provide a balanced N supply throughout the whole growth stages, possibly optimizing N utilization by the crop. However, this study has limitations as we were not able to monitor temporal changes in soil inorganic N during the whole plant growth, emphasizing the need for further research. Nevertheless, our study suggest that co-application can effectively enhance NUE, supply available N and improve soil properties, supporting sustainable N fertilization regimes in agriculture.
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ABSTRACT
Introduction
Materials and Methods
Results and Discussion
Conclusions
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