It is very important that people living with HIV(PLWH) maintain to keep 95% medication adherence to increase health related quality of life and prevent HIV transmission to others. The purpose of this study was to analyze influence factors of medication adherence among PLWH and to use basic instrument to make practical intervention.
The subjects were 181 PLWH who were older than 19years and had taken highly active antiretroviral therapy(HAART) at department of infection medicine from 9 hospitals in South Korea. The data was collected by a self-administered questionnaire between January 1th to March 31th, 2014.
91.7% of the subjects were male and mean age of the subjects was 41.5years. 72.9% of the subjects belonged to the ''high'' group of medication adherence.
Medication adherence of PLWH was statistically significant impacted by disease and treatment characteristics such as period of infection, hospitalization or not due to HIV/AIDS, and whether the experience was side effects of HAART.
Factors influencing medication adherence by using multiple logistic regression analysis were gender, infection period, and medication-related self-efficacy.
Efficacy expectancy which is the subscale of medication-related self-efficacy acted that if the score is 1 point higher of 10 points scale, the medication adherence was 2.63 times higher (95% CI 1.73-4.01, p <.0001). One point higher expected 1.37 times higher (95% CI 0.97-1.94, p = 0.0719) of medication adherence in outcome expectancy which is the other subscale of them. Although health-related characteristics were significant in simple analysis, but they did not significantly associated in multiple logistic regression analysis because they were associated with medication related self-efficacy too high.
The result of this study confirmed that mediation adherence associated with increasing medication related self-efficacy can be enhanced and it related with subjective health related characteristics. Therefore, it is necessary interventions to promote self-efficacy that it can be improved medication adherence with considering gender, infection period, and experience of adverse reactions for HAART among PLWH in clinical fields.