In the 1960s, Korea began its industrialization in the short term. Therefore it leads the lack of housing. To solve this social problem, housing supply businesses have been taken in the form of overall pulling down. It causes problems such as environment pollution and violation the rights of the residents. Therefore, another solution of the residential renewal was focused to solve these problems.
Especially, in Busan, the house is formed on the mountain town because of the history of Korean war and properties of ‘mountainous land’. And until now, it is excluded from the object of redevelopment & reconstruction and deteriorated. It is for that reason that the sloped residential area in high density is classified as not an economically viable at present.
In this study, eco-friendly remodeling is proposed while protecting the living environment of existing residents and preserving the living in pleasant by considering the characteristic of high density sloped residential area. And then, the optimum insulation condition is analyzed based on the energy efficiency, economic analysis and environmental effect. It will be possible as the basic information for remodeling of each housing in sloped area.
The energy demanding, cost and the carbon emission reduction is analyzed with the residential area in Seo-gu, Busan by eco-remodelling. The following is the results of research summary.
1. Analysis of energy requirement
1) Energy requirement on building arrangement condition
In the cases of East→West or South→North rising direction of land level, the simulation results ara as follow with the variable of difference land level(0-12m).
In the case of East→West, the cooling energy is more related to the height of the land than heating energy.
In the case of South→North, the heating energy is more related to the height of the land than cooling energy.
When it has 0m of difference land level with each buildings, the differences of energy demanding between buildings was the largest. And when its 12m, it was lowest differences of energy demanding.
These results are similar with solar radiation of each buildings and we can see the influence factor of solar radiation with the land level between adjoining buildings.
2) Energy requirement on building insulation application or not
In this study, it was assumed that existing housing have no insulation. And then, the insulations on each surface are applied based on the standards for energy conservation in building or passive house.
When one which is applied insulation based on the standards for energy conservation in building is simulated, heating energy is decreased about 48% and cooling energy is 19% compared with the case applied with not insulation. when the other applied insulation based on the passive house is simulated, heating energy is decreased about 58% and cooling energy is 27%. It shows the insulation application more affects to heating energy than cooling.
3) Energy requirement on insulation position
Energy requirement is analyzed according to the number of insulation types from not application to fifteen things. Among them, the case of whole parts insulated is most effective from the view of energy efficiency.
In case of insulating on one side, the annual energy consumption is more needed in order of ‘Wall < Bottom < Roof < Window’.
And then in case of insulating on two sides, the annual energy consumption is more needed in order of ‘Wall+Bottom < Wall+Roof < Wall+Window < Bottom+Roof < Bottom+Window < Rood+Window’ and in case of insulating on three sides, the annual energy consumption is more needed in order of ''Wall+Bottom+Roof < Wall+Bottom+Window < Wall+Roof+Window < Bottom+Roof+Window’.
2. Economic analysis
The assessment of payback period for the remodeling in residential building is done to compare with each cases. Among several cases, Wall installation show the shortest payback period as 4 years 7 months. And overall insulation is 7 years 2 months and then ‘Bottom+Roof, Bottom+Window’ cases are needed 10 years to payback of construction cost. However, considering for a used period, it would economically feasible.
3. Quantity of Carbon emissions Analysis
For a ten-year period at the completion of remodeling, ‘Wall+Bottom+Roof’ case emits the lowest amount of carbon. And after then, the case applied to whole parts is most effective from an environmental standpoint.
4. Overall analysis
On energy effect side, the case applied insulation to whole parts is most effective in energy and on economic view, the construction of window system is most effective and on environmental side, the case applied insulation to whole parts is most effective. When all things considered, the installation of wall insulation is the most effective.