ABSTRACT

A Study on the Characterization of Recently Developed Cultivars of Rose of Sharon (Hibiscus spp.) in Korea and Foreign Country for Landscape Uses

Kim, Kwang Ho

Department of environmental construction engineering

Graduate School

Gyeongnam National University
of Science and Technology

Jinju, Korea

(Supervised by Professor Lee, Chun Seok)


This study was carried out to characterize of recently developed 127 cultivars of Rose of Sharon (Hibiscus spp.) in Korea and Foreign Country for landscape uses. The examined factors were growth characteristics such as tree height of 1-year grafted plant(cm), plant type, and growth habit, leaf characteristics such as shape and size, and flower characteristics such as color, shape, size, and red eye during 2014 and 2015 for landscape uses. The results are obtained as follows;

1) Hibiscus hybrid ‘Daewangchun’, ‘Daeil’, ''Lohengrin'', ''Yeonam'', ''Joomong'', ''Jina'', and H. syriacus ''Honggarosu'' had vigorous shoot growth and tall tree size of 100cm. Otherwise, H. syriacus ''Tamla'', ''Melrose, ''Bidan'', ‘Hi Lea’, ‘Byeollee’, ‘Byunghwa’, ''Mibak'', ''Hanyang'', ''Chungam'', ''Lil Kim Violet'', ''Jongmoo'', ‘Eunhasu'', Hibiscus hybrid Saehanseo’, and Hibiscus hybrid ''Yousoon’ were selected as small tree of 30～39cm. H. syriacus ‘Antong’, ‘Chungjo’, and ''Lil Kim'' were less than 30 cm of tree size. Therefore, the new cultivars with tall and small tree size were a promising cultivar as a street tree or pot planting as woody landscape plant.
2) In the results of leaf characteristics, Hibiscus hybrid ‘Joomong’ had longest leaf of 13.1cm and then H. syriacus ‘Moonwon’, ‘Minerva’, ‘Samchulli’, ''Reddish ball'', Hibiscus hybrid ‘Daeil’ had also large leaf size of 10.0cm. Otherwise, cultivars with smaller leaf size less than 3.0cm were Hibiscus hybrid ‘Arirang’, Hibiscus hybrid ‘Daemang’, and H. syriacus ‘Antong’.
3) In the results of flower color of recently developed cultivars, pink color with red eye spot, white color with red eye spot, purplish red color with red eye spot, violet purple color with red eye spot, crimson color with red eye spot, asadal, and white color were distributed.
4) In the flower characteristics, Hibiscus hybrid ‘Daewangchun’ had largest flower size of 16.0cm in the 127 cultivars. Otherwise H. syriacus ''Antong’, ‘Lil Kim’, and ‘Ggoma'' were cultivars with smaller than other cultivars. H. syriacus ''Hunjang'' had largest red eye as 5.2cm of length in the other cultivars.
5) In the recently developed cultivars at home and abroad, Hibiscus hybrid ‘Daewangchun’, ‘Daeil’, ''Lohengrin'', ''Yeonam'', ''Joomong'', ''Jina'', and H. syriacus ''Honggarosu'' were selected for street tree with vigorous shoot growth and tall tree size. Otherwise, H. syriacus ''Tamla'', ''Melrose, ''Bidan'', ‘Hi Lea’, ‘Byeollee’, ‘Byunghwa’, ''Mibak'', ''Hanyang'', ''Chungam'', ''Lil Kim Violet'', ''Jongmoo'', ‘Eunhasu'', Hibiscus hybrid ‘Saehanseo’, and Hibiscus hybrid ''Yousoon’ were selected for pot planting. Therefore, the new cultivars with tall and small tree size were a promising cultivar as a street tree or pot planting as woody landscape plant.
6) As the cultivars with spectacle leaf such as leaf variegation, large size, and shape, H. syriacus ‘Purpureus Variegatus’, ''Bidan'', ‘Sugar Tip’, and ''Lady Stanley-Aura‘ had variegated leaves. Cultivars with wide leaf base and large leaf size in the Hibiscus species for landscape uses were Hibiscus hybrid ‘Daemang’, ''Lohengrin'', ''Mujigae'', H. syriacus ‘Myungmi’, and H. sinosyriacus ''Melmauve''.
7) In the cultivars with unique flower color for landscape uses, H. syriacus ‘Kwangmyung’, ‘Nanpa’, ‘North face’, ‘Bulsae’, ‘Bidan’, ‘Songam’, ‘Youngchang’, ‘Jukpeoso’, ‘Kiho’, ‘Tamla’, ‘Hwasoored’, and ‘Hwanhee’ had flowers with purplish red color and were developed in Korea. Otherwise, H. syriacus ''Aphrodite'', ''Dr. Uemoto'', ''Freedom'', ''Pink Cup'', ''PS 80-1'', ''Purpureus Variegatus’, ''Red Giant'', ''Woodbridge'' had also unique flower with purplish red color and were introduced from foreign country. In addition, cultivars with flower with violet pink color were H. syriacus ''Ggoma'', ''Doturak'', ''Myungmi'', ''Byunghwa'', ''Sancheonyu'', ''Taehwa'', ‘Hikari-hanagasa’, and ''Little Kim Violet''. ‘Jongmoo’ and ‘Ruffled Satin'' had flowers with crimson color. Therefore, the new cultivars with unique flower color was a promising cultivar as a woody landscape plant.
8) Cultivars with large flower size were Hibiscus hybrid ‘Daewangchun’, Hibiscus hybrid ‘Daemang’, and Hibiscus hybrid ''Jina''. Otherwise H. syriacus ''Ggoma'', ''Mibeak'', ''Antong'', ‘Lil Kim’, and ‘Eunhasu’ had small flower size. Cultivars with long red eye were H. syriacus ''Hunjang'' and H. syriacus ‘Hi Lea Red’.
Therefore, the new cultivars, Hibiscus hybrid ‘Daewangchun’, Hibiscus hybrid ‘Daemang’, Hibiscus hybrid ''Jina'' with large flower size, H. syriacus ''Ggoma'', ''Mibeak'', ''Antong'', ‘Lil Kim’, and ‘Eunhasu’ with small flower size, H. syriacus ''Hunjang'' and H. syriacus ‘Hi Lea Red’ with long red eye, was a promising cultivar as a woody landscape plant.
9) In the result of development methods of Hibiscus species in Korea, cultivars developed by cross breeding were most numerous and interspecific cross breeding was followed.
10) Rose of Sharon in the developed country, H. sinosyriacus ''Melmauve'', H. syriacus ''Mel white'', ''Melrose'' and ''Red Heart'' were developed in Belgium and then introduced to Korea. Cultivars devleoped in U.S.A. were H. syriacus ''Aphrodite'', ‘Diana’, ‘Helene’, ''Lil Kim'', ''Little Kim Violet'', ‘Minerva’, ''Purpureus Variegatus’, ''Ruffled Satin'', ''Snow drift'', ‘Sugar Tip’, and Hibiscus hybrid ''Lohengrin''. H. syriacus ''Claret Ball'', ''Pink Cup'', ''Pink Plena'', ''Red Giant'', and ''Reddish ball'' were developed in China.