Si/C/CNF composites as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries were examined to improve the capacity and cycle performance. Si/C/CNF composites were prepared by the fabrication processes including the synthesis of SBA-15, magnesiothermic reduction of SBA-15 to obtain Si/MgO by ball milling, carbonization of Phenol resin with CNF and HCl etching. The prepared Si/C/CNF composites were analysed by BET, XRD, FE-SEM and TGA. Among the SBA-15 samples synthesized with reaction temperatures between 50℃ and 70℃, the SBA-15 of 60℃ were showed the largest specific surface area. Also the electrochemical performances of Si/C/CNF composites as the anode electrode were investigated by constant current charge/discharge test, cyclic voltammetry and impedance tests in the electrolyte of LiPF6 dissolved in organic solvents(EC:DMC:EMC=1 :1 :1 vol%). The coin cell using Si/C/CNF composite(Si:CNF=97 :3 in weight) had better capacity(1,947 mAh/g) than that of other composition coin cells. The capacity retention ratio were decreased from 84%(Si:CNF=97:3 in weight) to 77%(Si:CNF=89:11 in weight). It was found that Si/C/CNF composite electrode shows the improved cycling performance and electric conductivity. Also, Si/C composite was prepared to find the effect of binders and an electrolyte additive. The anode electrode of Si/C composite with PAA binder appeared a high capacity(1,899 mAh/g) and the capacity retention ratio was 92% after 40cycles. It was found that the strong hydrogen bonding is formed between the Si surface and the polar groups (-OH, -COOH and -NH2) of PAA binder. Then, Vinylene carbonate(VC) was tested as an electrolyte additive. The influence of this additive on the behavior of Si/C anodes was very positive(3,049mAh/g), since the VC additive is formed passivation films on Si/C surfaces and suppresses irreversible changes.