지원사업
학술연구/단체지원/교육 등 연구자 활동을 지속하도록 DBpia가 지원하고 있어요.
커뮤니티
연구자들이 자신의 연구와 전문성을 널리 알리고, 새로운 협력의 기회를 만들 수 있는 네트워킹 공간이에요.
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Chapter I. Introduction 1I-1. The Background of Polymer Solar Cells (PSCs) and Small Molecule Solar Cells (SMSCs) 1I-2. Operating Mechanism of Device 3I-3. Bulk Heterojunction Structure 4I-4. Parameters of PSCs 6I-4-1. Open-Circuit Voltage (Voc) 6I-4-2. Short-Circuit Current Density (Jsc) 7I-4-3. Fill Factor (FF) 8I-5. Tactics to Synthesize Conjugated Polymers for High Performance 9I-5-1. Acceptor-Acceptor (A-A) Type Polymer 9I-5-2. Small Molecule 10I-5-3. Influence of Functionalities Substitution in Conjugated Backbone 11I-5-4. Selection of Donor and Acceptor Unit in Conjugated Materials 12Chapter II. Experimental 14II-1. Materials and Instruments 14II-2. Synthesis of monomers 16II-2-1. Synthesis of donor monomers 16II-2-1-1. Synthesis of thiophene-3-carbonyl chloride 16II-2-1-2. Synthesis of N,N-diethylthiophene-3-carboxamide 16II-2-1-3. Synthesis of benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b'']dithiophene-4,8-dione 17II-2-1-4. Synthesis of 4,8-bis(2-ethylhexyloxy)benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b'']dithiophene 18II-2-1-5. Synthesis of 2,6-bis(trimethyltin)-4,8-bis(2-ethylhexyloxy)benzo[1,2-b:3,4b′]dithiophene 18II-2-1-6. Synthesis of 4,8-bis(octyloxy)benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b'']dithiophene 19II-2-1-7. Synthesis of 2,6-bis(trimethyltin)-4,8-bis(octyloxy)benzo[1,2-b:3,4-b'']dithiophene 20II-2-1-8. Synthesis of 2,5-bis(trimethylstannyl)thiophene 22II-2-1-9. Synthesis of 5,5''-bis(trimethylstannyl)-2,2''-bithiophene 22II-2-1-10. Synthesis of 2,5-bis-trimethylstannyl-thieno[3,2-b]thiophene 23II-2-1-11. Synthesis of 2,5-dibromothiophene 24II-2-1-12. Synthesis of tributyl(thiophen-2-yl)stannane 24II-2-1-13. Synthesis of 2,2'':5'',2''''-terthiophene 25II-2-1-14. Synthesis of 2,5''''-bis(trimethylsilyl)-5,2'',5'',2''''-terthiophene 25II-2-1-15. Synthesis of tributyl(3-hexylthiophen-2-yl)stannane 28II-2-2-16. Synthesis of tributyl(4-hexylthiophen-2-yl)stannane 28II-2-1-17. Synthesis of tributyl(thieno[3,2-b]thiophen-2-yl)stanne 29II-2-2. Synthesis of acceptor monomers 31II-2-2-1. Synthesis of 2,3-difluoro-1,4-bis-(trimethylsilyl)benzene 31II-2-2-2. Synthesis of 1,4-dibromo2,3-difluoro-benzene 31II-2-2-3. Synthesis of 1,4-dibromo-2,3-difiuoro-5,6-dinitro-benzene 32II-2-2-4. Synthesis of 3,6-dibromo-4,5-difluorobenzene-1,2-diamine 32II-2-2-5. Synthesis of hexacosane-13,14-dione 33II-2-2-6. Synthesis of 5,8-dibromo-6,7-difluoro-2,3-didodecylquinoxaline 34II-2-2-7. Synthesis of tetradecane-7,8-dione 36II-2-2-8. Synthesis of 5,8-dibromo-6,7-difluoro-2,3-dihexylquinoxaline 37II-2-2-9. Synthesis of 2,3-didodecyl-6,7-difluoro-5,8-di(thiophen-2-yl)quinoxaline 38II-2-2-10. Synthesis of 5,8-bis(5-bromothiophen-2-yl)-2,3-didodecyl-6,7-difluoroquinoxaline 38II-2-2-11. Synthesis of 5-(5-bromothiophen-2-yl)-2,3-didodecyl-6,7-difluoro-8-(thiophen-2-yl)quinoxaline 39II-2-2-12. Synthesis of 6,7-difluoro-2,3-dihexyl-5,8-di(thiophen-2-yl)quinoxaline 40II-2-2-13. Synthesis of 5-(5-bromothiophen-2-yl)-2,3-dihexcyl-6,7-difluoro-8-(thiophen-2-yl)quinoxaline 40II-3. Synthesis of polymers 42II-3-1. Synthesis of poly[4,4’-dibutoxy-2-(2,3-didodecyl-6,7-difluoro-8-phenylquinoxaline-5-yl)-2’phenyl-5,5’-bithiazole] (YJ-61) 42II-3-2. Synthesis of poly[4,4’-dibutoxy-2-(5-(2,3-didodecyl-6,7-difluoro-8-(5-phenylthiophenphen-2-yl)quinoxaline-5-yl)-2’-phenyl-5,5’-bithiazole](YJ-62) 44II-4. Synthesis of small molecule 46II-4-1. Synthesis of 5,8-di([2,2’-bithiopehene]-5-yl)-2,3-didodecyl-6,7-difluoroquinoxaline (YJ-63) 46II-4-2. Synthesis of 2,3-didodecyl-6,7-difluoro-5,8-bis(thieno[3,2-b]thiophen-2-yl)quinoxaline (YJ-64) 48II-4-3. Synthesis of 2,3-didodecyl-6,7-difluoro-5,8-bis(3’’-hexyl-[2,2’:5’,2’’-terthiophen]-5-yl)quinoxaline (YJ-65) 50II-4-4. Synthesis of 2,3-didodecyl-6,7-difluoro-5,8-bis(4’’-hexyl-[2,2’:5’,2’’-terthiophen]-5-yl)quinoxaline (YJ-66) 52II-4-5. Synthesis of 2,3-didodecyl-6,7-difluoro-5,8-bis(5-(3-hexylthiophen-2-yl)thieno[3,2-b]thiophen-2-yl)quinoxaline (YJ-67) 54II-4-6. Synthesis of 2,3-didodecyl-6,7-difluoro-5,8-bis(5-(4-hexylthiophen-2-yl)thieno[3,2-b]thiophen-2-yl)quinoxaline (YJ-68) 56II-4-7. Synthesis of 5,5’”-bis(2,3-didodecyl-6,7-difluoro-8-(thiophen-2-yl)quinoxalin-5-yl)-2,2’:5’,2”:5”,2’’’-quaterthiophene (YJ-69) 58II-4-8. Synthesis of 5-(4-(5-(5-(2,3-didodecyl-6,7-difluoro-8-(thiophen-2yl)quinoxalin-5-yl)thiophen-2-yl)thieno[3,2-b]thiophen-2yl)thiophen-2-yl)2,3-didodecyl-6,7-difluoro-8-(thiophen-2-yl)quinoxaline (YJ-70) 60II-4-9. Synthesis of 8,8’-(5,5’-(4,8-bis((2-ethylhexyl)oxy)benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b’]dithiophene-2,6-diyl)bis(thiophene-5,2-diyl))bis(2,3-didodecyl-6,7-difluoro-5-(thiophen-2-yl)quinoxaline (YJ-71) 62II-4-10. Synthesis of 8,8’-(5,5’-(4,8-bis((2-ethylhexyl)oxy)benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b’]dithiophene-2,6-diyl)bis(thiophene-5,2-diyl))bis(2,3-dihexcyl-6,7-difluoro-5-(thiophen-2-yl)quinoxaline (YJ-72) 64II-4-11. Synthesis of 8,8’-(5,5’-(4,8-bis(octyloxy)benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b’]dithiophene-2,6-diyl)bis(thiophene-5,2-diyl))bis(2,3-didodecyl-6,7-difluoro-5-(thiophen-2-yl)quinoxaline (YJ-73) 66II-4-12. Synthesis of 8,8’-(5,5’-(4,8-bis(octyloxy)benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b’]dithiophene-2,6-diyl)bis(thiophene-5,2-diyl))bis(2,3-dihexcyl-6,7-difluoro-5-(thiophen-2-yl)quinoxaline (YJ-74) 68Chapter III. Results and Discussion 70III-1. Polymerization Results 70III-2. Thermal Stability of Polymers and Small Molecules 71III-3. Optical Properties of Polymers and Small Molecule 72III-3-1. Optical Properties of Polymers 72III-3-2. Optical Properties of Small Molecules 75III-4. Electrochemical Properties of Materials 82III-5. Photovoltaic Properties of Materials 88Chapter IV. Conclusions 92References 93
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