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논문 기본 정보

자료유형
학위논문
저자정보

전수병 (경북대학교, 경북대학교 대학원)

지도교수
손인준
발행연도
2018
저작권
경북대학교 논문은 저작권에 의해 보호받습니다.

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Solvent extraction behavior of light rare earth elements(Pr, Nd) and medium rare erath elements(Tb, Dy) in the HCl-PC88A-kerosene extraction system was investigated in order to separate high-purity light rare earths (Pr, Nd) and medium rare earths (Tb, Dy) in the mixed rare earth chloride solution. The rare earth chloride solution was obtained from the Nd-Fe-B waste permanent magnets after the pulverization-oxidation roasting-sulfuric acid leaching process. First, the experiments were carried out by using a funnel shaker to determine the experimental parameters such as the initial pH of the feed solution and its equilibrium pH after extraction, the concentration of PC88A as extractant in organic solution, the saponification degree of the extractant, and the concentration of scrubbing solution. It could be known that the equilibrium pH of feed was more important than the initial pH of feed from the experimental results of extraction. And the separation effect was maximized at the equilibrium pH of the feed, 0.8∼1.0 and the concentration of PC88A, 0.5 M. In order to maintain the equlibrium pH of feed as 0.8∼1.0, the initial pH of feed was adjusted to 1.3. The concentrations of hydrochloric acid in scrubbing solution and stripping solution were set as 0.1 M and 6.0 M, respectively. Based on the experimental data obtained from the batch test, the mixer-settler was composed as follows; 4 stages of extraction, 8 stages of scrubbing, 4 stages of stripping , and 3 stages of pickling organic solution. The Mixer-settler was operated for 180 hours, and the operating conditions were continuously adjusted to obtain the high-purity light/medium rare earths. Finally, the purity of light and medium rare earth was reached as 99.9%.

목차

Ⅰ. 서론 1
Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 3
2.1. 란탄족 수축(Lanthanides Contraction) 3
2.2. 용매추출(Solvent Extraction) 3
2.3. 분배계수(Distribution Coefficient) 5
2.4. 분리계수(Separation Factor) 6
2.5. 추출률(Extraction Efficiency) 6
2.6. 추출 반응식 7
2.7. 분배곡선 8
2.8. 액-액 추출 조작 및 계산 10
2.8.1. 회분 추출 조작(Single Stage Equilibrium Extraction) 10
2.8.2. 향류 다단 추출 조작(Countercurrent Multistage Extraction) 12
2.9. 이론 단수 구하기 14
2.9.1. 삼각도표상의 대응선의 수를 이용하는 방법 14
2.9.2. McCabe-Thiele법에 의한 이론 단수 구하기 16
Ⅲ. 실험 방법 21
3.1. 실험 재료 21
3.2. 실험 방법 22
3.2.1. 용매추출 Batch Test 22
3.2.2. 혼합침강조(Mixer-Settler)를 활용한 연속용매추출 25
Ⅳ. 실험 결과 및 고찰 28
4.1. 용매추출 Batch Test 결과 30
4.1.1. 초기 수상 pH 변화에 따른 추출률 변화 30
4.1.2. 추출제 PC88A 농도에 따른 추출률 변화 32
4.1.3. 비누화도 증가에 따른 추출률의 변화 34
4.1.4. 추출 pH isotherm 36
4.1.5. 역추출 pH isotherm 37
4.1.6. 적정 추출단수 설정 39
4.2. 경/중희토류 분리를 위한 혼합침강조 가동 40
4.3. 경/중희토류 분리 용매추출 공정 결과 46
Ⅴ. 결론 47
참고문헌 49
영문초록 51

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