과학의 발달로 항공기를 이용한 여객수송과 화물수송은 매년 9.29%, 8.39%로 꾸준히 증가하고 있다. 이 때문에 민간 항공사에서 조종인력에 대한 수요가 급격하 게 늘고 있다. 항공안전을 달성하기 위해서는 조종인력의 양적인 증가와 함께 교육 에 있어 질적인 향상도 도모되어야 한다. 질적인 향상을 위해서는 조종사 양성에 직접적으로 관여하고 있는 교관 조종사의 유능함은 무엇보다도 중요하다. 본 연구 는 유능한 교관 조종사가 핵심적으로 갖춰야 할 중요한 능력이 무엇인지에 대한 호 기심에서 시작되었다. 연구를 통해 현재 민간항공 교관 조종사의 리더십 핵심역량을 찾고 그 핵심역량 의 하위 행동지표를 개발하여, 실제 교관 조종사들이 어떻게 수행하고 있는지 그 차이를 분석하였다. 문헌연구를 통해 리더십 핵심역량을 선별하고 선별된 핵심역량을 확인할 수 있 는 행동지표를 심층 면접방식 및 전문가 토의, 각종 문헌과 K사의 평가양식을 참조 를 하여 개발하였다. 1차 개발된 19개의 핵심역량과 75개의 행동지표를 기준으로 실제 현업에 종사하고 있는 조종사를 상대로 중요도의 설문조사를 실시하였다. 설 문조사 결과 애매하다고 판단된 행동지표와 중요도가 4.0점 미만인 행동지표를 제 외시켰으며, 이렇게 해서 19개의 핵심역량과 59개의 행동지표를 선정하였다. 핵심역량군에 따른 행동지표가 타당한지를 분석하기 위해 요인분석을 실시하여 핵심역량군을 재조정, 19개에서 11개로 수정하였으며, 행동지표도 요인이 같다고 묶 이는 역량으로 재조정하여 최종적으로 11개의 핵심역량과 40개의 행동지표를 개발 하였다. 교관 조종사의 핵심역량은 개인적 속성/특질로 3개(정직성, 도덕성, 자신감) 가 선정되었고, 하위 행동지표로 정직성에는 2개, 도덕성에서는 3개, 자신감에서는 3개가 개발되었다. 조직 관리적 수준에서 대인관계는 2개(인간행동의 이해, 상대에 대한 존중)가 선정되었고, 각각 3개의 행동지표가 개발되었다. 업무수행은 5개(표준 화 절차 수행, 조종위임, 동기부여, 위기관리, 협조성)이 선정되었고, 표준화 절차수 행에서는 3개, 조종위임에서는 4개, 동기부여에서 4개, 위기관리에서 5개, 협조성에 서 5개로 총 21개의 행동지표가 개발되었다. 마지막으로 조직 관리에서는 1개(안전 문화 조성)와 하위 행동지표 6개가 개발되었다. 이렇게 개발된 핵심역량은 총 11개, 행동지표는 40개이다. 핵심역량과 행동지표의 신뢰도를 분석한 결과 본 연구를 진행하면서 정리한 교 관 조종사의 리더십 핵심역량과 그 하위 행동지표는 제한적이지만, 신뢰할 만한 자 료라는 것이 분석되었다. 각 핵심역량 모델링에 따라 역량별 중요도를 분석하였다. 핵심역량 중에는 9개는 근무연수나 자격 혹은 출신별 유의미한 차이가 없음을 확인 할 수 있었다. 개인적 속성/특질 중 도덕성과 책임감에서 군경력과 민경력에서 유의 미한 차이가 있었다. 실제 개발된 내용을 기반으로 조종사들이 중요하다고 판단한 것과 실제 업무현장에서 수행한 정도와 비교하였다. 비교 분석한 결과 중요도에 비 해 수행도가 비교적 큰 차이를 보였다. 개발된 핵심역량과 행동지표는 교관 선발 시 활용하고, 중요도와 수행도의 차이 는 교관 보수교육에 참고하는 것이 바람직하다고 판단된다. 본 연구는 종단적 검증을 하지 않았기 때문에 추가적인 연구가 필요하고, 연구를 위한 인원 및 시간의 부족했으며, 교관 조종사에 대한 관리를 어떻게 해야 할 것인 지 구체적으로 제시하지 못하였다. 하지만, 민간항공 조종사에 대한 연구가 많이 미 약하므로 향후 발전을 위한 초석으로 큰 의의를 가지고 있다.
Due to the development of science, air transport and cargo transport by air has steadily increased to 9.29 percent and 8.39 percent per year. For this reason, the demand for pilots is increasing rapidly in civilian airlines. To achieve aviation safety, qualitative improvements in education should be promoted along with the quantitative increase in manpower. For quality improvement, the competencies of the instructor pilot, who is directly involved in pilot training, is of paramount importance. The study began with curiosity about the critical abilities that talented instructor pilots must have. Through the research, we have identified the leadership core competencies of civil aviation instructor pilots and developed the sub-behavioral indicators of their core competencies. Through the literature study, we developed the behavioral indicators to select the core competencies of leadership and identify the selected core competencies by referring to the in-depth interview method, expert discussion, various documents and evaluation form of K company. Based on the first 19 core competencies developed and 75 behavioral indicators, the importance of the pilots in the field was surveyed. As a result of the questionnaire survey, we excluded behavioral indicators that were considered to be ambiguous and behavioral indicators of importance less than 4.0 and selected 19 core competencies and 59 behavioral indicators in this way. In order to analyze the validity of the behavioral indicators according to the core competency group, the core competency group was readjusted to 19 from 11, and the behavioral indicators were rearranged to the same factor, were developed. Three (honesty, morality, and confidence) were selected as the core competencies of instructor pilots. Two of them were developed for honesty, three for morality, and three for self-confidence. At the organizational management level, two interpersonal relationships (understanding of human behavior and respect for each other) were selected, and three behavioral indicators were developed for each. Five tasks (standardization process execution, early delegation, motivation, crisis management, cooperativeness) were selected, three for standardization procedure, four for control delegation, four for motivation, five for crisis management, A total of 21 behavioral indicators were developed, five from cooperativeness. Finally, in organization management, one (safety culture creation) and six sub-activity indicators were developed. The core competencies developed in this way are 11, and the behavior indicators are 40. As a result of analyzing the reliability of core competence and behavioral indicators, it was analyzed that the leader''s core competencies and sub-behavioral indicators of the instructor pilots that were summarized in this study were limited but reliable data. The importance of each competency was analyzed according to each core competency modeling. Of the core competencies, nine were found to be non-significant differences between the number of years of service, qualifications, or origin. There was a significant difference in military and civil experience in the morality and responsibilities of the individual attributes/characteristics. Based on the development, the pilots considered important and the extent to which they performed at the actual workplace was compared. Comparative analysis showed a relatively large difference in performance compared to importance. The developed core competencies and behavioral indicators should be used in the selection of instructors, and the difference between importance and performance should be referred to the instructor ''s curriculum. Since this study did not provide longitudinal verification, additional research is needed, and lack of personnel and time for research, and how to manage the instructor pilot, were not addressed in detail. However, the research on civil aviation pilots is very weak and has a great significance as a basis for future development.
제 1 장 서론 11.1 연구의 배경 및 목적 ························································································11.2 연구의 진행 및 방법 ··························································································3제 2 장 이론적 배경 62.1 교관 조종사의 직무특성 ···················································································62.2 리더십 핵심역량의 개념 ···················································································92.3 리더십 핵심역량 모델링 ·················································································15제 3 장 연구방법 223.1 전문가 그룹 구성 ······························································································223.2 연구절차 ··············································································································223.3 리더십 핵심역량 선정 및 행동지표 개발 ··················································263.4 설문조사 ··············································································································34제 4 장 결과분석 364.1 리더십 핵심역량 및 행동지표 선정 ····························································364.2 역량 모델링에 따른 중요도와 수행도 분석 ··············································46제 5 장 결론 및 제언 575.1 요약 ·······················································································································575.2 연구의 한계점 ····································································································585.3 제 언 ·····················································································································59참고문헌 ······················································································································ 60ABSTRACT 62