In this study, the dried Aronia melanocarpa fruit is extracted using ethanol and distilled water solvent adjusted by pH 3, 5 and 7. Before and after the decompression enrichment was extracted separately to examine the dyeability in the decompression enrichment. Color properties and functional components analysis and antioxidant properties were examined. The dyeing properties of the silk fabrics of the extraction pigments are examined and the application of the dye of the Aronia melanocarpa extract is found to find the most efficient conditions. In addition, by changing the content of Aronia melanocarpa extract was mixed with PU to prepare a nanofiber. the morphology of the prepared nanofibers and the binding and crystallization between the two molecules when Aronia melanocarpa extract and PU were mixed were analyzed. the conclusion was drawn as follows.
1. The Ultraviolet-visible spectrum and FT-IR of the Aronia melanocarpa extract were measured for the Aronia melanocarpa ethanol extract and the Aronia melanocarpa distilled water extract and as a result, many of the phenolic components of the Aronia fruit can be confirmed.
2. Among Aronia melanocarpa extract, the total polyphenol content of the pH 3 distilled water extract was the most with 364.03mg/g, the content of the pH 5 distilled water extract 298.83mg/g, the content of the pH 7 distilled water extract 306.99 mg/g, and the content of the ethanol extract 362.05mg/g. The total flavonoid content, the pH 3 distilled water extract also the most with 183mg/g, the content of the pH 5 distilled water extract 120.92mg/g, the content of the pH 7 distilled water extract 124.74mg/g, and the content of the ethanol extract 155.6mg/g. The total polyphenol and total flavonoid content of the Aronia melanocarpa extract were found to have a higher total polyphenols and total flavonoids in Aronia melanocarpa compared to the Asai berries, blueberries, blackcurrant and cranberries belonging to the same berries.
3. DPPH radical scavenging activity and ABTS radical scavenging activity also showed the same trend. The DPPH radical scavenging activity pH 3 distilled water extract was the most with was 72.99~84.59%, the activity of the pH 5 distilled water extract was 76.52~83.47%, the activity of the pH 7 distilled water extract was 49.35~68.81%, and the activity of the ethanol extract showed 36.73~57.24% antioxidant activity. ABTS radical scavenging activity pH 3 distilled water extract was 40.40~97.12%, the activity of the pH 5 distilled water extract was 34.47~95.20%, the activity of the pH 7 distilled water extract was 35.00~93.31%, and the activity of the ethanol extract was 11.16-40.21%. As the pH was increased, antioxidant activity decreased.
4. Extraction yield by ethanol was 15.5%, the yield by distilled water was 45.26%. The fabric dyed with Aronia melanocarpa extract before concentration was YR series of color. After concentration under reduced pressure, b* value increases and the changes red series to brown series of color. The dyeability of the extracted at pH 3 was higher than that of the pH 5 and pH 7, and the dyeability of the silk was higher than that of the cotton fabric. The silk dyeing of each extract increased with increasing concentration of the extract and showed relatively high dyeability at the dyeing temperature of 80 ℃ and dyeing time of 60 minutes.
5. Washing fastness, sunlight fastness, rubbing fastness and perspiration fastness of the silk fabrics stained with distilled water extract of pH 3 before and after decompression concentration of Aronia melanocarpa showed high fastness except for sunlight fastness.
6. It was confirmed that the viscosity of the high polymer solution of PU is increased up to 2160~4800cp as the Aronia melanocarpa/the PU solution, and the diameter of the nanofiber is increased up to 554.6~1077.4nm as the Aronia melanocarpa extracts are added. pure PU spinning nanofibers show a mixture of beads and fiber form, pure PU spinning nanofibers show a mixture of beads and fiber form, and it was checked that a uniform nanofiber can be produced when the content of the Aronia melanocarpa extract is 0.5~2wt%.
7. As the results of an analysis of FT-IR, XRD, and DSC, a hydrogen bonding between the Aronia melanocarpa extracts molecules and the polymers of the PU decreased their crystallinity, melting point, and heat capacity.
Through the above research, compared the color characteristics and color fastness of dyed silk and cotton fabrics of Aronia melanocarpa extracted under different extraction conditions. Various colors can be obtained depending on the conditions of Aronia melanocarpa extraction. All of the other fastnesses, except sunlight fastness, were excellent. The basic data that can be used as natural dyes are constructed. Additionally, as an application research, the Aronia melanocarpa extracts extracted with pH 3 distilled water were mixed with PU, and we checked that a composite nanofiber can be produced through the subjected to electrospinning. Aronia melanocarpa extract has high antioxidant activity and can be applied to various fiber materials such as skin care and mask packs by applying it to nanofibers.