Particular Matter (PM) has caused various socioeconomic problems and has a negative impact on human health, so people''s interest is increasing. PM concentration has been decreased for a long time after implementing policies to reduce emissions of air pollutants at the national level. However, industrial complexes and power plants are concentrated in some areas on the Korean Peninsula, and the degree of urbanization varies from region to region, and the topography of the Korean Peninsula is complex. These characteristics can cause differences in air quality in each region, so it is necessary to divide the Korean Peninsula into several regions and examine the changes in the concentration of air pollutants separately.
In this study, regional differences between PM10, PM2.5 concentrations were analyzed and the relationship between PM and meteorological factors by region was examined. PM concentrations have decreased most of the time, but PM10 has increased in Daejeon and Jeonbuk throughout the entire period, and PM2.5 has increased in Seoul, Chungbuk, Gyeonggi in winter in the past five years.
In order to determine which particles are more affected by PM10 or PM2.5 by region, the ratio of PM2.5/PM10 were analyzed. Even if the Ratio is similar, PM concentration varies, and the reason why the Ratio is high and low is also found to be different from region to region. In addition, the results of the Ratio analysis can be used by local governments to determine which size of particles should control first when establishing policies to reduce PM10 and PM2.5.
Temperature, wind speed, sea pressure, and humidity data were analyzed to see if there was a correlation between fine dust and weather factors. As a result of analyzing the correlation between PM and meteorological factors, positive correlation with temperature was shown in all regions, and negative correlation with wind speed was. In order to analyze how much each meteorological factors contribute to the change in fine dust, PM10 was analyzed as an independent variable, temperature, wind speed, surface air pressure, and humidity as dependent variables. As a result of the analysis, the contribution of weather factors varies from region to region, and variables with high contribution varies depending on the season.
These results confirm that there is a significant relationship between PM by region and meteorological factors. By understanding the spatial and temporal characteristics of PM, the causes of high concentration cases can be estimated by region. Therefore, it can help efficiently improve the air quality by reflecting regional differences in air pollutant fluctuation characteristics when establishing PM management and reduction policy.