목차

List of Tables ⅳ
List of Figures ⅴ
1. 서 론 1
2. 이론적 배경 3
2.1 산성광산배수 3
2.2 중금속 7
2.2.1 중금속 제거 필요성 7
2.2.2 산성광산배수 처리 공법 10
2.3 흡착 12
2.3.1 흡착 이론 12
2.3.2 흡착 형태 12
2.3.3 등온흡착식 14
2.3.3.1 Langmuir 등온흡착식 15
2.3.3.2 Freundlich 등온흡착식 16
2.3.4 흡착동역학 17
2.3.4.1 1차속도방정식모델 17
2.3.4.2 2차속도방정식모델 18
2.4 생물흡착제 19
2.4.1 알긴산 19
2.4.2 셀룰로오스 20
2.4.3 생물흡착제를 이용한 중금속 제거 국내?외 사례 22
3. 연구 방법 24
3.1 실험재료 24
3.1.1 중금속 및 간섭 인자 시료 24
3.1.2 흡착제 합성 25
3.1.2.1 Alginate beads(ALG) 제조 26
3.1.2.2 Alginate/Microcrystallin Cellulose(ALG/MCC) beads 제조 26
3.2 실험방법 및 조건 28
3.2.1 pH에 따른 흡착 28
3.2.2 공존 물질의 유·무에 따른 흡착 30
3.2.3 중금속 이성분 공존에 따른 선택적 흡착 30
3.2.4 등온흡착식 30
3.2.5 흡착동역학 30
3.2.6 흡착제 재생 31
3.3 분석 방법 32
3.3.1 중금속 분석 32
3.3.2 ALG 및 ALG/MCC 특성 분석 33
4. 결과 및 고찰 35
4.1 ALG 및 ALG/MCC 특성 분석 결과 35
4.1.1 SEM 분석 결과 36
4.1.2 비표면적 분석 결과 39
4.1.3 FT-IR 분석 결과 40
4.1.4 강도 분석 결과 42
4.2 중금속 흡착 실험 44
4.2.1 최적 pH 도출 44
4.2.2 공존 물질 유·무에 따른 흡착량 변화 47
4.2.3 중금속 이성분 공존에 따른 선택적 흡착 52
4.2.4 등온흡착 53
4.2.4.1 Langmuir 등온흡착식 56
4.2.4.2 Freundlich 등온흡착식 57
4.2.5 흡착동역학 58
4.2.5.1 흡착속도 58
4.2.5.2 1차반응속도모델 60
4.2.5.3 2차반응속도모델 62
4.2.6 흡착제 재생 64
5. 결 론 67
References 71
Abstract 79
List of Tables
Table 2.1 Distribution of areas where leachate occurs 4
Table 2.2 Mineral waste stockpiling leachate contamination
level evaluation result (23 places) 6
Table 2.3 Treatment of acid mine drainage 11
Table 3.1 Reagents used to analyze bio-adsorbents and heavy metals 24
Table 3.2 Adsorption test conditions according to pH change 28
Table 4.1 Specific surface area properties of ALG and ALG/MCC beads 39
Table 4.2 Physical strength of ALG and ALG.MCC beads 43
Table 4.3 Parameters calculated from Lanmuir isotherm
model in this study 57
Table 4.4 Parameters calculated from Freundlich isotherm
model in this study 58
Table 4.5 Parameters of the pseudo-first-order kinetic model 60
Table 4.6 Parameters of the pseudo-second-order kinetic model 62
List of Figures
Fig. 2.1 Molecular structure of alginic acid 20
Fig. 2.2 Structure of cellulose 22
Fig. 3.1 Adsorbent(beads) synthetic device 25
Fig. 3.2 Freeze dryer 26
Fig. 3.3 ALG and ALG/MCC beads synthesis procedure 27
Fig. 3.4 Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer 32
Fig. 4.1 SEM images magnification 100 × 37
Fig. 4.2 SEM images magnification 10000 × 38
Fig. 4.3 FT-IR spectra of ALG beads before and after metal ions adsorption 41
Fig. 4.4 FT-IR of ALG/MCC beads before and after metal ions adsorption 41
Fig. 4.5 Effect of pH on Pb(II) ions adsorption 45
Fig. 4.6 Effect of pH on Cd(II) ions adsorption 46
Fig. 4.7 Effect of pH on Cu(II) ions adsorption 46
Fig. 4.8 Effect of chlorine ions interference on adsorption capacity 48
Fig. 4.9 Effect of sulfate ions interference on adsorption capacity 49
Fig. 4.10 Effect of calcium ions interference on adsorption capacity 49
Fig. 4.11 Effect of magnesium ions interference on adsorption capacity 50
Fig. 4.12 Effect of TOC on adsorption capacity 51
Fig. 4.13 Selective adsorption in multiple heavy 53
Fig. 4.14 Effect of intial Pb ions concentrations 54
Fig. 4.15 Effect of intial Cd ions concentrations 55
Fig. 4.16 Effect of intial Cu ions concentrations 55
Fig. 4.17 Effect of contact time on adsorption efficiency
of ALG beads onto metal ions 59
Fig. 4.18 Effect of contact time on adsorption efficiency
of ALG/MCC beads onto metal ions 59
Fig. 4.19 Linear PFO kinetics plots for metal ions adsorption
onto ALG beads 61
Fig. 4.20 Linear PFO kinetics plots for metal ions adsorption
onto ALG/MCC beads 61
Fig. 4.21 Linear PSO kinetics plots for metal ions adsorption
onto ALG beads 63
Fig. 4.22 Linear PSO kinetics plots for metal ions adsorption
onto ALG/MCC beads 63
Fig. 4.23 Adsorption-desorption cycles for the lead ions
adsorption onto ALG and ALG/MCC beads 65
Fig. 4.24 Adsorption-desorption cycles for the cadmuim ions
adsorption onto ALG and ALG/MCC beads 66
Fig. 4.25 Adsorption-desorption cycles for the copper ions
adsorption onto ALG and ALG/MCC beads 66