In this study, in order to establish an appropriate evacuation plan using an evacuation lift, the existing legal standards related to the evacuation lift were reviewed and opinions on improvement plans for each influencing factor were presented. Previous studies and legal standards related to domestic and foreign evacuation lift installation and operation standards were analyzed to derive the main factors (number of installations, operation speed, and operating floors) that affect required safe egress time for each building floor (35, 55, 75 floors). Accordingly, 27(33) scenarios were set up to analyze the required safe egress time and correlation according to the main influencing factors for each building floor, and 30 simulations were conducted for each scenario. As a result of analyzing the human interaction of influencing factors through Three-ways ANOVA, the influence of the three factors on the number of installations, operation speed, and operation floor in buildings of 35, 55, and 75 floors was similar.
Therefore, as a result of a complex analysis of the three factors, when the number of evacuation lifts increased from one to two in buildings of all sizes, the required safe egress time decreased by 33.76% and when it increased from two to three, it decreased by two to 10.08%. In the case of driving speed, it decreased by 52.58% when it increased from 1m/s to 5.5m/s, and decreased by 4.77% when it increased from 5.5m/s to 10m/s. In addition, in the case of the number of operating floors, there was a difference in required safe egress time by building floor. In the 35 and 55 floors of the building, it takes time to evacuate in the order that the lift stops on the first floor, the lift travels back and forth between the refuge area layer and the ground floor, and the lift stops on the fourth floor. In addition, in a 75-stories building, it takes time to evacuate in order if the lift stops on the first floor, the lift stops on the fourth floor, and the lift travels back and forth between the refuge area layer and the ground floor. This means that when one or more evacuation lifts are strengthened to two or more, which is the current legal minimum standard, life safety is improved, and standards for driving speed are stipulated and should be operated at about 5.5m/s or more. In addition, it means that the design of the number of lift operating floors should be different depending on the number of floors of the building.
The results of this study are meaningful in complex analyzing the operation and installation criteria of evacuation lifts, which were not analyzed in the past, and presenting opinions on the criteria for influencing factors that affect required safe egress time.