본 연구는 한국재래계의 효율적인 개량을 위한 육종목표의 설정과 선발을 수행하는데 필요한 기초자료를 얻고자 축산기술연구소 대전지소에서 1994년 4월 10일부터 1997년 2월 10일까지 부가계 250수와 모가계 2,029수에서 생산된 5,192수의 능력검정자료를 분석하여 주요 경제형질의 일반 능력과 다형질개체모형을 이용하여 유전모수를 추정하였다. 체중은 적갈색, 황갈색, 회갈색 및 흑색 계통의 150일령에서는 각각 1,649.9, 1,439.6, 1,455.6 및 1,575.3g이었으며, 변이계수는 11.52~14.02%이었고, 270일령에서 각각 1923.5, 1689.6, 1812.4 및 1924.0g이었으며, 변이계수는 12.82~14.59%이었다. 산란능력은 적갈색, 황갈색, 회갈색 및 흑색계통의 초산일령이 각각 147.4, 146.5, 151.1 및 152.1일이었고 변이계수는 7.80~8.41%이었으며, 270일령 난중은 49.7, 47.6, 48.8 및 48.7g이었고, 변이계수는 6.99~7.94%이었으며, 270일령 산란수는 각각 75.8, 78.0, 76.7 및 68.8개이었고, 변이계수는 23.87~29.89%로 대체로 높은 변이를 보였다. 다형질개체모형에 의한 체중의 유전력추정치는 적갈색, 황갈색, 회갈색 및 흑색 계통에서 150일령 체중이 각각 0.40, 0.10, 0.09 및 0.57이었고, 270일령 체중은 각각 0.23, 0.09, 0.38 및 0.24이었다. 다형질개체모형에 의한 산란능력의 유전력추정치는 적갈색, 황갈색, 회갈색 및 흑색 계통에서 초산일령이 각각 0.39, 0.47, 0.60 및 0.62이었고, 270일령 난중은 각각 0.36, 0.12, 0.38 및 0.26이었으며, 270일령 산란수는 각각 0.44, 0.36, 0.58 및 0.49이었다. 주요경제형질들간의 유전상관의 범위는 체중과 초산일령, 난중 및 270일령 산란수간에 각각 -0.07~0.67, -0.24~0.70 및 -0.16~0.32이었으며 초산일령과 270일령 산란수 및 난중간에 각각 -0.75~0.91, 0.34~0.97이었고 난중과 산란수간에는 0.18~0.68이었다. 주요경제형질들 간의 표현형상관의 범위는 체중과 초산일령, 난중 및 270일령 산란수간에 각각 -0.01~0.74, 0.04~0.72 및 0.25~0.57이었으며 초산일령과 270일령 산란수 및 난중간에는 각각 0.26~0.52, 0.52~0.92이었고, 난중과 산란수간에는 0.34~0.91이었다.
This study was conducted to estimate the general production performance, heritabilities, and genetic and phenotypic correlations on several economic traits by multiple trait animal model in Korean native chicken. The data were collected from the records of 5,192 pullets produced from 2,029 dams and 250 sires in Daejon Branch, National Livestock Research Institute from April 10. 1994 to February 10. 1997. Body weights of Red Brown (RB), Yellow Brown (YB), Grey Brown (GB) and Black (B) strain's were 1,649.9, 1,439.6, 1,455.6 and 1,575.3g at age of 150 days and 1,923.5; 1,689.6, 1,812.4 and 1,924.0g at age of 270 days, respectively. The ranges of coefficient of variation for body weight were 11.52 to 14.02 at age of 150 days and 12.82 to 14.59% at age of 270 days, respectively. The first eggs of RB, VB, GB and B strains were produced at 147.4, 146.5, 151.1 and 152.1 days, respectively, and the coefficients of variation were 7.80 to 8.41%. Egg weight at 270 days were 49.7, 47.6, 48.8 and 48.7g for RB, VB, GB and B strains, and coefficients of variation were 6.99 to 7.94%. The number of eggs at age of 270 days were 75.8, 78.0, 76.7 and 68.8 for RB, VB, GB and B strains, respectively, and coefficient of variations were 23.87 to 29.89%. On heritability estimates in RB, VB, GB and B strains body weight were 0.40, 0.10, 0.09 and 0.57 for RB, VB, GB and B strains at age of 150 days; and 0.23, 0.09, 0.38 and 0.24 at age of 270 days were 0.39, 0.47, 0.60 and 0.62, and egg weights at 270 days and age at 1st egg were 0.36, 0.12, 0.38 and 0.26, number of egg production at 270 days were 0.44, 0.36, 0.58 and 0.49, respectively. The genetic correlation coefficients of body weight with the age of first egg, egg weight and number of egg production at 270days were -0.07~0.67, -0.24~0.70 and 0.12~0.41, respectively; age of first egg with number of egg production at 270days and egg weight were -0.75~0.91 and 0.34~0.97 ; and egg weight with number of egg production at 270days were 0.18~0.68. The phenotypic correlation coefficients of body weight with at age of first egg, egg weight and number of egg production at 270days were -0.01~0.74, -0.04~0.72 and 0.25~0.57; age of first egg with number of egg production at 270days and egg weight were 0.26~0.52 and 0.52~0.92, respectively; and egg weight with number of egg production at 270days were 0.34~0.91.