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초록· 키워드
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The 'Rationalism' and the 'Empiricism' are both extreme modes of thought, which have governed western culture from the ancient times. The polarity of the thoughts alternatively formed the main stream of urban environmental design at each historical era. This study aims to define the main styles of western urbanism from the Renaissance period to the begining of the age of Modernism, and compare those with the Korean traditional ones in addition to find out the main differences between both cultural spheres.
The dual design styles of urban environment in the pre-industrial age used be called the 'Classicism vs. the Romanticism'. The former was formulated under the main influences of the Perspective representation in the Renaissance painting which accentuated the human sight in the formal axis, e.g. 'vista'. So, the Renaissance architectural style. Ideal City concepts, French Baroque Garden style were commonly distinguished by their austere geometrical formalism. They together formulated the the western Classic city especially in the rebuilding of Rome(1590) and Paris(1869) and succeeded by the famous 'City Beautiful Movement' in the early Modern age.
The Romantic urban style was emerged as the reaction against the excess of the Classical formalism. It was formulated under the influences of the Gothic revivalism and the English Landscape Gardening style which imitated the ideal aspects of natural landscape drawn in the Romantic Landscape Paintings. The Romantic urbanism can be distinguished by the dual aspects ; the naturalism of city planning and the organicism of townscape design. So they developed into 'the Garden City Movement' and 'the Townscape Movement' respectively in the early Modern era.
Similarly, the Korean traditional cities were built up in accordance with the dual principles of 〈Jurye〉 and 〈Pungsu〉. Generally speaking, the diagram and the guidelines of the 〈Jurye〉 are geometrically formal and symmetrical, and those of 〈Pungsu〉 are naturally informal and organic in contrast to the former. In this respect they are similar to the polarity of western urbanism, mainly in their outer appearances. On the contrary, they have mostly deep differences in many aspects, especially in the visibility, urban activity, and the cultural meanings attached to them. Thus, the differences themselves can be regarded as the resources of the Korean townscape identity.
The dual design styles of urban environment in the pre-industrial age used be called the 'Classicism vs. the Romanticism'. The former was formulated under the main influences of the Perspective representation in the Renaissance painting which accentuated the human sight in the formal axis, e.g. 'vista'. So, the Renaissance architectural style. Ideal City concepts, French Baroque Garden style were commonly distinguished by their austere geometrical formalism. They together formulated the the western Classic city especially in the rebuilding of Rome(1590) and Paris(1869) and succeeded by the famous 'City Beautiful Movement' in the early Modern age.
The Romantic urban style was emerged as the reaction against the excess of the Classical formalism. It was formulated under the influences of the Gothic revivalism and the English Landscape Gardening style which imitated the ideal aspects of natural landscape drawn in the Romantic Landscape Paintings. The Romantic urbanism can be distinguished by the dual aspects ; the naturalism of city planning and the organicism of townscape design. So they developed into 'the Garden City Movement' and 'the Townscape Movement' respectively in the early Modern era.
Similarly, the Korean traditional cities were built up in accordance with the dual principles of 〈Jurye〉 and 〈Pungsu〉. Generally speaking, the diagram and the guidelines of the 〈Jurye〉 are geometrically formal and symmetrical, and those of 〈Pungsu〉 are naturally informal and organic in contrast to the former. In this respect they are similar to the polarity of western urbanism, mainly in their outer appearances. On the contrary, they have mostly deep differences in many aspects, especially in the visibility, urban activity, and the cultural meanings attached to them. Thus, the differences themselves can be regarded as the resources of the Korean townscape identity.
목차
ABSTRACT
Ⅰ. 서론
Ⅱ. 근대이전 도시환경설계에서의 합리주의와 낭만주의
Ⅲ. 결론 및 과제
註
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