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In the late 19th century, a socialist feminism was formed around Germany under the much influence of socialism by Karl Marx and F. Engels. Their socialism of K. Marx and A. Bebel, the essence and origin of women suppression by men, were sought from generating the private property and classes, was taken it shape in the concrete to the theorized feminism by Clara Zetkin, etc. and by the early 20th century, advanced firmly on the basis of active struggle by German women workers. The main point of socialist feminism formed in this light are as follows; that is, working women for wage and socializing household duties, protecting motherhood to protect workers' families and equalizing women, marriage on the basis of love not possession and forming family relationship, etc.
The theories of F. Engels and A. Bebel were introduced by Kotoku Shusui(幸德秋水) and Sakai Tokihiko(堺利彦) was a anarchist, one of the most famous socialist in the period of Meiji(明治) Japan. In 1907 He Zhen and her husband Liu Shi-pei(劉師培) was on the first anarchist of Chinese, were published the megazine, The Heaven's Right(《Tienyi(天義)》) and built up her theory in Japan.
He Zhen was ascribed women suppression by men to confucianism, that is, 'the learning of murder' and also, contacted with Sakai Tokihiko, etc. who were Japanese socialists. Gradually, she became to understand the essence of women suppression is 'a product of capitalism' influencing her husband's anarchism.
He Zhen, first of all, opposed Chinese polygamy and one-sided chastity by men. To realize the equality of the sexes in martial relationship, she insisted upon enforcing monogamy and surnaming their parents instead of husbands' after marriage. Also, she suggested first marriage should be matched with first, and second marriage should be matched with second. Her contention is that marriage must be effected not property but love among them. To be done this, she suggested the communism must to be realized.
Authors of The Heaven's Right including He Zhen and her husband, aimed to realize the society of absolute equality cannot be even considered the difference due to the personal ability. For that reason, they inclined to the whole emancipation to be realized the equality among the women. Most of women were subject to the minority engaging in politics by acquiring the political rights for women. Accordingly it will bring not only inequality between men but also inequality between women. He Zhen differed in opinion with Clara Zetkin, etc. who leading the European socialist feminism in the second international area at that time.
On women labor, it was disapproved that is was imposed on the women of lower classes and without socializing child-care and protecting motherhood, it couldn't be incurred the real happiness to women. Although, it was deviated from the main stream at that time but her theory was the feminism proposed in women place all the way. For this reason, her feminism could be figured prominently among others. Even though, her feminism is rough a little, He Zhen suggested theoretically the essence of women problem and the emancipation of women can be realized by actualizing the socialist. She was considered a real pioneer of Chinese socialist feminism in this light.
The theories of F. Engels and A. Bebel were introduced by Kotoku Shusui(幸德秋水) and Sakai Tokihiko(堺利彦) was a anarchist, one of the most famous socialist in the period of Meiji(明治) Japan. In 1907 He Zhen and her husband Liu Shi-pei(劉師培) was on the first anarchist of Chinese, were published the megazine, The Heaven's Right(《Tienyi(天義)》) and built up her theory in Japan.
He Zhen was ascribed women suppression by men to confucianism, that is, 'the learning of murder' and also, contacted with Sakai Tokihiko, etc. who were Japanese socialists. Gradually, she became to understand the essence of women suppression is 'a product of capitalism' influencing her husband's anarchism.
He Zhen, first of all, opposed Chinese polygamy and one-sided chastity by men. To realize the equality of the sexes in martial relationship, she insisted upon enforcing monogamy and surnaming their parents instead of husbands' after marriage. Also, she suggested first marriage should be matched with first, and second marriage should be matched with second. Her contention is that marriage must be effected not property but love among them. To be done this, she suggested the communism must to be realized.
Authors of The Heaven's Right including He Zhen and her husband, aimed to realize the society of absolute equality cannot be even considered the difference due to the personal ability. For that reason, they inclined to the whole emancipation to be realized the equality among the women. Most of women were subject to the minority engaging in politics by acquiring the political rights for women. Accordingly it will bring not only inequality between men but also inequality between women. He Zhen differed in opinion with Clara Zetkin, etc. who leading the European socialist feminism in the second international area at that time.
On women labor, it was disapproved that is was imposed on the women of lower classes and without socializing child-care and protecting motherhood, it couldn't be incurred the real happiness to women. Although, it was deviated from the main stream at that time but her theory was the feminism proposed in women place all the way. For this reason, her feminism could be figured prominently among others. Even though, her feminism is rough a little, He Zhen suggested theoretically the essence of women problem and the emancipation of women can be realized by actualizing the socialist. She was considered a real pioneer of Chinese socialist feminism in this light.
목차
Ⅰ. 머리말: 왜 하진인가
Ⅱ. 愛國女學에서 女子復權會로
Ⅲ. 하진의 여성해방론
Ⅳ. 여성해방의 주체는 여성: 맺음말을 대신하여
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