두와 최흥벽은 지금까지 잘 알려지지 않은 인물로 18세기 영남 좌우도에서 활동했다. 어려서부터 도학을 공부했으며, 청년기까지 최흥원과 이상정의 학문을 계승했고 장ㆍ노년기는 고령으로 이거하여 영남우도의 학자들과 교유를 하고 제자들을 양성했다. 최흥벽은 친가인 경주최씨, 외가인 현풍곽씨, 처가인 고창오씨를 중심으로 교유를 많이 했다. 가정이 빈한하였지만 친척들의 도움으로 경향 각지의 각종 시험에 응시하여 합격했으나 과거에는 실패했다. 두와문집 17권 8책을 남겼다. 두와문집에는 시, 소, 書, 잡저, 序, 기, 발, 상량문, 제문, 애사, 유사, 행장, 전, 비지갈, 변무록 등 문체별 다양한 작품이 실려 있다. 시 188제 351수 중 5언이 20수이고 나머지가 7언 또는 7언 위주의 장단구이기에 작가의 7언시 취향을 알 수 있다. 호흡이 길고 구체적이며 사실적인 시적 형상을 주로 했다. 안빈낙도의 내용이 많고 술회시에 시적 서정과 삶의 지향과 의식이 강하게 투영되어 있다. 젊은 시절 과거 실패와 빈한으로 인한 悲慨한 시풍의 작품이 많다. 7언장편 악부시 2편은 빈한한 삶으로 현실을 극복하며 살아가는 작가의 안빈낙도와 번민이 혼융된 작품이다. 이러한 최흥벽 시의 기저에는 도학적 사유가 깔려 있으며 외면으로 직설된 경우도 많다.
Relatively unknown to date, Duwa Choi, Heung-byeok(l739~1812) is a scholar that acted in Youngnam in the 18th century. Studying under the instruction of Choi Heung-won(崔興遠;1705~1786) since childhood, he also studied under the instruction of Lee Sang-jeong(李象靖;1710~1781) in his youth. Reading the book on Confucianism attentively, he deeply cultivated his moral sense. After marriage, he exchanged learning with many scholars in his father's home, wife's home and mother's home. As his home was poor, he passed in diverse tests thanks to the help of relatives, but failed in the state examination. He studied in the left region of Youngnam and mastered the learning of the region until his prime time. After his prime time, he lived in the right region of Youngnam, where he exchanged with the people and cultivated many disciples. He wrote 8 volumes of 『Duwamunjip(?窩文集)』, which included diverse works in each style. There are 351 poems, composed of 20 poems in 5言詩(poem in which 1 line is composed of 5 letters) and the remaining poems in 7言詩(poem in which 1 line is composed of 7 letters) or long and short phrase. Thus, he showed his preference in 7言詩(poem in which 1 line is composed of 7 letters). The breath was long and specific to mainly describe realistic and poetic figure. Poor as he was, he wrote many contents on cultivating moral sense. The poems that depicted the inmost thought strongly reflected the orientation and sense of life. Many poems were plaintive due to his failure in the state examination and poverty when he was young. The 2 long 樂府詩( song poems) in 7 letters strongly described the spirit of the author that lived, overcoming the reality in poverty. Diverse proses well showed him getting along with acquaintances and exchanging the learning with them in poverty. The proses in each style were well mixed with the thought, emotion and sense of the author. Many works showed his character and property of each style. Firmly based on Confucian reasoning, the literature of Choi, Heung-byeok sometimes was diversely described outwards, depending on the expression method.