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The established Church of Scotland was broken up on 18 May 1843. Over one-third of the Presbyterian ministers seceded from the Church of Scotland, protesting over lay patronage for parish minister and the state's refusal to recognise the Church's spiritual independence. This event was not only a turing point in Scottish Church history, but also a significant British political issue. Notwithstanding the significance of its impact on British politics, historians have largely restricted their attention to the Scottish context. This article deals' primarily with British politicians' reaction to the Disruption of Church of Scotland.
The conflict between the Church of Scotland and British governments began with the Veto Act passed by the General Assembly in 1834. The Act declared the dissent of the congregation with or without reasons ought to be of conclusive effect in setting aside the presentee of parish minister. Both Whig and Tory Politicians opposed this Act, firstly, because it depended on the decision of ignorant people. Secondly, they believed that the Veto Act would destruct patronage system which was a political network of party politics.
Some politicians argued that spiritual independence of the Church should not be interrupted by state. But the Conservative government of 1841-46 resisted Non-Intrusionism with strong Erastian views. It only accepted Aberdeen Bill where by the Presbytery would decide the validity of parishioners' objections when these were presented to the local Presbytery court. In 1843 the Bill was passed by Conservatives' support.
After the Disruption, the Free Church of Scotland, which had been established by seceders of the established Church, influenced greatly on Scottish education, poor relief, and overseas mission. Politically the Disruption gave the accession of strength to the liberal party, since the greater part of the Free Church vote went consistently to that party. The Disruption, and the establishment of the Free Church was the first step towards the disestablishment. It could also be said that this event in Scotland was a stream of nineteenth-century liberalism by which British politicians was to abide.
The conflict between the Church of Scotland and British governments began with the Veto Act passed by the General Assembly in 1834. The Act declared the dissent of the congregation with or without reasons ought to be of conclusive effect in setting aside the presentee of parish minister. Both Whig and Tory Politicians opposed this Act, firstly, because it depended on the decision of ignorant people. Secondly, they believed that the Veto Act would destruct patronage system which was a political network of party politics.
Some politicians argued that spiritual independence of the Church should not be interrupted by state. But the Conservative government of 1841-46 resisted Non-Intrusionism with strong Erastian views. It only accepted Aberdeen Bill where by the Presbytery would decide the validity of parishioners' objections when these were presented to the local Presbytery court. In 1843 the Bill was passed by Conservatives' support.
After the Disruption, the Free Church of Scotland, which had been established by seceders of the established Church, influenced greatly on Scottish education, poor relief, and overseas mission. Politically the Disruption gave the accession of strength to the liberal party, since the greater part of the Free Church vote went consistently to that party. The Disruption, and the establishment of the Free Church was the first step towards the disestablishment. It could also be said that this event in Scotland was a stream of nineteenth-century liberalism by which British politicians was to abide.
목차
Ⅰ. 머리말
Ⅱ. 19세기 전반기 스코틀랜드의 종교적 상황
Ⅲ. 스코틀랜드 국교회와 영국 정부의 갈등
Ⅳ. 스코틀랜드 국교회 독립성 논쟁
Ⅴ. 맺음말
〈Abstract〉
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