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King Lear and the Possibility and Impossibility of Giving
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리어왕의 해체적 접근 : 선물의 가능성과 불가능성을 중심으로

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Type
Academic journal
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Journal
The Shakespeare Association Of Korea Shakespeare Review Vol.40 No.1 KCI Accredited Journals
Published
2004.3
Pages
153 - 173 (21page)

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King Lear and the Possibility and Impossibility of Giving
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This essay investigates the ways in which giving is possible and impossible at the same time in the context of Shakespeare's King Lear. In reference to Jacques Derrida who draws the line between gift and economy, I address two significant episodes related to this whole idea of giving: Lear's bequeathal of the kingdom to his first two daughters and their subsequent failure to pay back what they supposedly owe to their father-king. I argue that Lear's act of giving, dramatized in the so-called love contest scene, turns out to be nothing but the act of taking. He gives his kingdom to his daughters on the condition that they return the favor. He gives in order to receive their grateful service in his retired life. By the same token, Goneril and Regan intend to give hospitality to Lear insofar as he agrees upon the terms and regulations that they wish to inscribe. They can welcome him under a certain condition. It is impossible to give without entering into an economy, a term that Derrida uses referring to circularity and reciprocity. Taking, in other words, is the very condition of giving. It is in this sense that giving is impossible. Paradoxically speaking, however, it is in this same sense that giving is possible. Without expecting a particular form of return ranged from psychological satisfaction to material gains, one cannot give anything to another. Giving is impossible in the first place without thinking over the possibility of returning. One gives, put another way, in order to take in return. I contend that the play centers upon dramatizing this aporetic structure of giving.

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